Low-cost voltammetric sensor based on reduced graphene oxide anchored on platinum nanoparticles for robust determination of Favipiravir in real samples

This research describes a simple, sensitive, and disposable modified glassy carbon electrode constructed using platinum nanoparticles anchored on reduced graphene oxide nanocomposite as a conductive modifier (Pt@rGO/ GCE) to detect an anti-coronavirus drug, Favipiravir (FAV). The as-synthesized nanocomposite was characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), field emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM), energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX), and atomic force microscopy (AFM). Under optimized conditions, the square wave voltammetry (SWV) method was used to determine trace amounts of FAV in real samples. The proposed electrode demonstrated a wide linear concentration range of 3.16 to 100.0 mu M with a low detection limit (LOD) of 2.46 mu M. Moreover, the developed electrode showed outstanding selectivity in the presence of several interferences with high repeatability and reproducibility. Finally, the developed electrode was applied to detect FAV in human plasma and pharmaceutical samples.