Tumor Tropism of DNA Viruses for Oncolytic Virotherapy

被引:6
作者
Enow, Junior A. [1 ,2 ]
Sheikh, Hummad I. [1 ]
Rahman, Masmudur M. [1 ,2 ]
机构
[1] Arizona State Univ, Biodesign Inst, Biodesign Ctr Personalized Diagnost, Tempe, AZ 85287 USA
[2] Arizona State Univ, Sch Life Sci, Tempe, AZ 85287 USA
来源
VIRUSES-BASEL | 2023年 / 15卷 / 11期
关键词
oncolytic virus; oncolytic virotherapy; DNA virus; tumor tropism; poxvirus; herpesvirus; adenovirus; HERPES-SIMPLEX-VIRUS; VACCINIA VIRUS; MYXOMA VIRUS; REPLICATIVE ADENOVIRUS; THYMIDINE KINASE; CELL ENTRY; PROTEIN; VECTOR; MUTANT; EFFICACY;
D O I
10.3390/v15112262
中图分类号
Q93 [微生物学];
学科分类号
071005 ; 100705 ;
摘要
Oncolytic viruses (OVs) have emerged as one of the most promising cancer immunotherapy agents that selectively target and kill cancer cells while sparing normal cells. OVs are from diverse families of viruses and can possess either a DNA or an RNA genome. These viruses also have either a natural or engineered tropism for cancer cells. Oncolytic DNA viruses have the additional advantage of a stable genome and multiple-transgene insertion capability without compromising infection or replication. Herpes simplex virus 1 (HSV-1), a member of the oncolytic DNA viruses, has been approved for the treatment of cancers. This success with HSV-1 was achievable by introducing multiple genetic modifications within the virus to enhance cancer selectivity and reduce the toxicity to healthy cells. Here, we review the natural characteristics of and genetically engineered changes in selected DNA viruses that enhance the tumor tropism of these oncolytic viruses.
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页数:17
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