A Cell-Adapted Live-Attenuated Vaccine Candidate Protects Pigs against the Homologous Strain VNUA-ASFV-05L1, a Representative Strain of the Contemporary Pandemic African Swine Fever Virus

被引:12
作者
Truong, Quang Lam [1 ]
Wang, Lihua [2 ]
Nguyen, Tuan Anh [1 ]
Nguyen, Hoa Thi [1 ]
Tran, Son Danh [1 ]
Vu, Anh Thi [1 ]
Le, Anh Dao [1 ]
Nguyen, Van Giap [3 ]
Hoang, Phuong Thi [1 ]
Nguyen, Yen Thi [1 ]
Le, Thi Luyen [1 ]
Van, Thang Nguyen [1 ]
Huynh, Thi My Le [3 ]
Lai, Huong Thi Lan [1 ]
Madera, Rachel [2 ]
Li, Yuzhen [2 ]
Shi, Jishu [2 ]
Nguyen, Lan Thi [1 ]
机构
[1] Vietnam Natl Univ Agr, Fac Vet Med, Key Lab Vet Biotechnol, Hanoi 12406, Vietnam
[2] Kansas State Univ, Coll Vet Med, Ctr Vaccine Evaluat & Alternat Antimicrobials, Dept Anat & Physiol, Manhattan, KS 66506 USA
[3] Vietnam Natl Univ Agr VNUA, Fac Vet Med, Dept Vet Microbiol & Infect Dis, Hanoi 12406, Vietnam
来源
VIRUSES-BASEL | 2023年 / 15卷 / 10期
基金
美国食品与农业研究所;
关键词
African swine fever; African swine fever virus; cell adapted; live attenuated; vaccine; immunity; protection;
D O I
10.3390/v15102089
中图分类号
Q93 [微生物学];
学科分类号
071005 ; 100705 ;
摘要
African swine fever (ASF) is a lethal and highly contagious transboundary animal disease with the potential for rapid international spread. Currently, there is no ASF vaccine commercially available. All infected animals must be isolated and culled immediately upon the confirmation of the presence of the virus. Studies leading to the rational development of protective ASF vaccines are urgently needed. Here, we generated a safe and efficacious live-attenuated vaccine (LAV) VNUA-ASFV-LAVL2 by serially passaging a field isolate (VNUA-ASFV-05L1, genotype II) in porcine alveolar macrophages (PAMs, 65 passages) and an immortalized porcine alveolar macrophage cell line (3D4/21, 55 passages). VNUA-ASFV-LAVL2 can efficiently replicate in both PAMs and 3D4/21 cells. It provides 100% protection, even with the low dose of 102 HAD50, to the vaccinated pigs against the challenge of contemporary pandemic ASFV field isolate. Pigs vaccinated with this LAV in a dose range of 102 to 105 HAD50 remained clinically healthy during both the 28-day observation period of immunization and the 28-day observation period of challenge. VNUA-ASFV-LAVL2 was eliminated from blood by 28 days post-inoculation (DPI), and from feces or oral fluids by 17 DPI. Although the vaccine strain in serum remained a safe and attenuated phenotype after five passages in swine, a reversion-to-virulence study using blood or tissue homogenates at peak viremia will be conducted in the future. ASFV-specific IgG antibodies and significant cellular immunity were detected in vaccinated pigs before the ASFV challenge. These results indicate that the VNUA-ASFV-LAVL2 strain is a safe and efficacious LAV against the genotype II ASFV strain responsible for current ASF outbreaks in Asia.
引用
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页数:16
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