Thermophysical properties of nanofluids and their potential applications in heat transfer enhancement: A review

Colloidal suspensions of nanoparticles in a base fluid, known as nanofluids, have become increasingly popular in recent years due to their unique thermophysical features and promising heat transfer applications. This article provides an in-depth look at the latest developments in the field of nanofluids, covering everything from their synthesis techniques to their thermophysical characteristics. The advantages and disadvantages of nanofluids and their prospective uses in heat exchangers were also discussed. Study reveals that hybrid nanofluids are good alternatives in different heat exchangers as compared to simple fluids because of their better thermal performance. The stability of the thermal system not only influences the system's thermophysical parameters but also influences the system's performance. It has also been compared to how well nanofluids and conventional fluids function in heat exchangers. In conclusion, this article is a great reference for scientists and engineers who want to learn more about the use of nanofluids in heat transfer. (c) 2023 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier B.V. on behalf of King Saud University. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/).