Effects of tapering on performance in endurance athletes: A systematic review and meta-analysis

被引:3
作者
Wang, Zhiqiang [1 ,2 ]
Wang, Yong Tai [3 ]
Gao, Weifeng [1 ]
Zhong, Yaping [1 ,2 ]
机构
[1] Wuhan Sports Univ, Sports Big data Res Ctr, Wuhan, Hubei, Peoples R China
[2] Hubei Sports & Hlth Res Ctr, Wuhan, Hubei, Peoples R China
[3] Rochester Inst Technol, Coll Hlth Sci & Technol, Rochester, NY USA
关键词
MIDDLE-DISTANCE RUNNERS; IN-TRAINING VOLUME; RUNNING ECONOMY; PEDRO SCALE; TIME; RELIABILITY; REDUCTION; POWER; EXHAUSTION; INTENSITY;
D O I
10.1371/journal.pone.0282838
中图分类号
O [数理科学和化学]; P [天文学、地球科学]; Q [生物科学]; N [自然科学总论];
学科分类号
07 ; 0710 ; 09 ;
摘要
Objective To assess the responses to taper in endurance athletes using meta-analysis. Methods Systematic searches were conducted in China National Knowledge Infrastructure, PubMed, Web of Science, SPORTDiscus, and EMBASE databases. Standardized mean difference (SMD) and 95% confidence interval (CI) of outcome measures were calculated as effect sizes. Results 14 studies were included in this meta-analysis. Significant improvements were found between pre- and post-tapering in time-trial (TT) performance (SMD = -0.45; P < 0.05) and time to exhaustion (TTE) performance (SMD = 1.28; P < 0.05). However, There were no improvements in maximal oxygen consumption ((over dot(V)O-2max) and economy of movement (EM) (P > 0.05) between pre- and post-tapering. Further subgroup analysis showed that tapering combined with pre-taper overload training had a more significant effect on TT performance than conventional tapering (P < 0.05). A tapering strategy that reduced training volume by 41-60%, maintained training intensity and frequency, lasted <= 7 days, 8-14 days, or 15-21 days, used a progressive or step taper could significantly improve TT performance (P < 0.05). Conclusions The tapering applied in conjunction with pre-taper overload training seems to be more conducive to maximize performance gains. Current evidence suggests that a <= 21-day taper, in which training volume is progressively reduced by 41-60% without changing training intensity or frequency, is an effective tapering strategy.
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页数:20
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