Pricing Based Charging Navigation Scheme for Highway Transportation to Enhance Renewable Generation Integration

The charging operation is rapidly becoming a key concern for highway charging station operation as the electric vehicle charging demand for highway traveling rises. This paper proposes a charging price-setting scheme for highway charging station operation, considering distributed renewable energy generators neighboring highway charging stations. For this purpose, a bi-level approach is proposed in this paper to model the conflicting objectives between the highway charging station operator and electric vehicles to optimize charging price and their routes. The upper level is designed to optimize the highway charging station operation's profit. The lower level characterizes the charging behavior of EVs via a time-space network model. To solve the proposed bi-level model, we adopt the column-and-constraint generation algorithm to obtain an optimal result. The performance of the proposed scheme is illustrated by numerical case studies based on an experimental highway system.