[1] Univ Putra Malaysia, Fac Food Sci & Technol, Dept Food Serv & Management, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
[2] Hong Kong Polytech Univ, Sch Hotel & Tourism Management, Kowloon, Hong Kong, Peoples R China
[3] Cheongju Univ, Dept Hotel & Foodserv Management, Cheongju, Chungcheongbug, South Korea
[4] Keimyung Univ, Coll Business Adm, Dept Tourism Management, Daegu, South Korea
[5] Sejong Univ, Coll Hospitality & Tourism Management, 98 Gunja Dong, Seoul 143747, South Korea