Calibrated microphone array recordings reveal that a gleaning bat emits low-intensity echolocation calls even in open-space habitat

被引:4
作者
de Framond, Leprimena [1 ,4 ]
Beleyur, Thejasvi [1 ,2 ,3 ,4 ]
Lewanzik, Daniel [1 ,5 ]
Goerlitz, Holger R. [1 ,6 ]
机构
[1] Max Planck Inst Ornithol, Acoust & Funct Ecol, D-82319 Seewiesen, Germany
[2] Univ Konstanz, Dept Biol, D-78464 Constance, Germany
[3] Univ Konstanz, Ctr Adv Study Collect Behav, D-78464 Constance, Germany
[4] Max Planck Inst Biol Intelligence, Acoust Commun & Urban Ecol Grp, D-82319 Seewiesen, Germany
[5] Leibniz Inst Zoo & Wildlife Res, D-10315 Berlin, Germany
[6] Max Planck Inst Biol Intelligence, Acoust & Funct Ecol, D-82319 Seewiesen, Germany
关键词
Brown long-eared bats; Source level; Evolutionary arms race; Plecotus; Gleaning; Call amplitude; LONG-EARED BAT; PLECOTUS-AURITUS; AERIAL-HAWKING; BROWN BAT; HEARING; RANGE;
D O I
10.1242/jeb.245801
中图分类号
Q [生物科学];
学科分类号
07 ; 0710 ; 09 ;
摘要
Echolocating bats use ultrasound for orientation and prey capture in darkness. Ultrasound is strongly attenuated in air. Consequently, aerial-hawking bats generally emit very intense echolocation calls to maximize detection range. However, call levels vary more than tenfold (>20 dB) between species and are tightly linked to the foraging strategy. The brown long-eared bat (Plecotus auritus) is a primarily gleaning, low-amplitude species thatmay occasionally hawk airborne prey. We used state-of-the-art calibrated acoustic 3D-localization and automated call analysis to measure P. auritus' source levels. Plecotus auritus emits echolocation calls of low amplitude (92 dB rmsSPL re. 20 mu Pa at 10 cm) even while flying in open-space. While P. auritus thus probably benefits from delayed evasive manoeuvres of eared insects, we propose that low-amplitude echolocation did not evolve as an adaptive countermeasure, but is limited by morphological constraints.
引用
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页数:6
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