Comparison of Neutralizing Activity between Vaccinated and Unvaccinated Hospitalized COVID-19 Patients Infected with Delta, Omicron BA.1, or Omicron BA.2 Variant

被引:0
作者
Kim, Keun Ju [1 ]
Park, Seo-Jin [2 ]
Yun, Seung Gyu [1 ]
Kim, Sang Wook [1 ]
Nam, Myung-Hyun [1 ]
Shin, Eun Kyong [3 ]
Chang, Eun-Ah [4 ,5 ]
Park, Dae Won [6 ]
Lee, Chang Kyu [1 ]
Yoon, Young Kyung [7 ]
Cho, Yunjung [1 ]
机构
[1] Korea Univ, Coll Med, Dept Lab Med, Anam Hosp, Seoul 02841, South Korea
[2] Ajou Univ, Dept Lab Med, Sch Med, Suwon 16499, South Korea
[3] Korea Univ, Dept Sociol, Seoul 02841, South Korea
[4] Korea Univ, Ansan Hosp, Dept Lab Med, Coll Med, Ansan 15355, South Korea
[5] Seoul Clin Labs, Dept Lab Med, Yongin 16954, South Korea
[6] Korea Univ, Coll Med, Dept Internal Med, Div Infect Dis,Ansan Hosp, Ansan 15355, South Korea
[7] Korea Univ, Coll Med, Dept Internal Med, Div Infect Dis,Anam Hosp, Seoul 02841, South Korea
关键词
COVID-2019; surrogate virus neutralization test; SARS-CoV-2; variants; vaccination; cross-neutralizing activity; BREAKTHROUGH INFECTIONS;
D O I
10.3390/microorganisms12030509
中图分类号
Q93 [微生物学];
学科分类号
071005 ; 100705 ;
摘要
Background: Understanding the immune response to evolving viral strains is crucial for evidence-informed public health strategies. The main objective of this study is to assess the influence of vaccination on the neutralizing activity of SARS-CoV-2 delta and omicron infection against various SARS-CoV-2 variants. Methods: A total of 97 laboratory-confirmed COVID-19 cases were included. To assess the influence of vaccination on neutralizing activity, we measured the neutralizing activity of SARS-CoV-2 delta or omicron (BA.1 or BA.2) infection against wild-type (WT), delta, BA.1, and BA.2, with the results stratified based on vaccination status. Results: The neutralizing activity against the WT, delta, and omicron variants (BA.1 and BA.2) was significantly higher in the vaccinated patients than those in the unvaccinated patients. In the unvaccinated individuals infected with the delta variant, the decrease in binding to BA.1 and BA.2 was statistically significant (3.9- and 2.7-fold, respectively) compared to the binding to delta. In contrast, vaccination followed by delta breakthrough infection improved the cross-neutralizing activity against omicron variants, with only 1.3- and 1.2-fold decreases in BA.1 and BA.2, respectively. Vaccination followed by infection improved cross-neutralizing activity against WT, delta, and BA.2 variants in patients infected with the BA.1 variant, compared to that in unvaccinated patients. Conclusions: Vaccination followed by delta or BA.1 infection is associated with improved cross-neutralizing activity against different SARS-CoV-2 variants. The enhanced protection provided by breakthrough infections could have practical implications for optimizing vaccination strategies.
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