Dentin Bonding Performance of Universal Adhesives in Primary Teeth In Vitro

(1) Background: The aim of this in vitro study was to evaluate the micro-tensile bond strength (mu-TBS) of universal adhesives to primary tooth dentin after different storage periods. (2) Methods: Dentin of 100 extracted primary molars was exposed. Dentin surfaces were bonded with six universal adhesives (Adhese (R) Universal [AU], All-Bond Universal (R) [ABU], G-Premio Bond [GPB], iBond (R) Universal [IBU], Prime&Bond active (TM) [PBa], and Prime & Bond (R) NT as control [PBN]) and restored with a resin composite build-up (Filtek (TM) Z250). After 24 h, 6 months, and 12 months of water storage, specimens were cut into sticks, and mu-TBS was measured and analyzed using one-way ANOVA (p < 0.05) for normal distributions and the Mann-Whitney U-test (p < 0.05) for non-normal distribution. Pretesting failures were recorded as 0 MPa. Fracture modes were analyzed under a fluorescence microscope; interfaces were visualized with SEM/TEM. (3) Results: Compared with the reference group (PBN: 32.5/31.2 MPa after 6/12 months), two adhesives showed a significantly higher bond strength after 6 months (AU: 44.1 MPa, ABU: 40.9 MPa; p < 0.05) and one adhesive after 12 months (AU: 42.9 MPa, p < 0.05). GPB revealed significantly lower bond strengths in all storage groups (16.9/15.5/10.9 MPa after 24 h/6 months/12 months; p < 0.05). AU and IBU did not suffer pre-test-failures [PTF]. (4) Conclusions: After 12 months, PBN, IBU, AU, and GPB showed significantly lower results compared ithw initial mu-TBS, whereas AU revealed the highest mu-TBS and no PTF.