A new screen-printed carbon sensor decorated gold nanoparticles/kaolinite mineral: electrochemical analysis of propyphenazone and the investigation of ds-DNA interaction

This work represents the development of natural kaolinite mineral (Kao)-gold nanoparticles (GNPs) modified screen-printed carbon electrode (SPCE) based on biocompatible electrode material for the electrochemical quantification of propyphenazone and the investigation of the interaction between propyphenazone and ds-DNA. The surface characteristics of the Kao-GNPs/SPCE were examined by cyclic voltammetry, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy, and field-emission scanning electron microscopy with energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy methods. The effect of Kao and gold compositions, pH, and interferences studied the analytical performance of this sensor. Propyphenazone has an irreversible oxidation signal on the Kao-GNPs/SPCE sensor surface. Based on this oxidation signal, calibration works were carried out using differential pulse voltammetry, and linear working range, LOD, and LOQ were determined. The real sample analysis of propyphenazone was implemented in human serum samples with a recovery value of 99.43%. Binding constant (K) and Gibbs free energy change (Delta G degrees) relating to the interaction between propyphenazone and ds-DNA were calculated to be 2.14 (+/- 0.42) x 104 M-1 and - 24.70 kJ mol-1, respectively.