First report of cutaneous leishmaniasis caused by Leishmania donovani in Ethiopia

被引:6
作者
Amare, Gashaw Azanaw [1 ]
Mekonnen, Gebeyaw Getnet [2 ]
Kassa, Mekibib [2 ]
Addisu, Ayenew [2 ]
Kendie, Desalegn Adane [2 ]
Tegegne, Banchamlak [3 ]
Abera, Adugna [4 ]
Tadesse, Dagimawie [5 ]
Getahun, Seid [6 ]
Wondmagegn, Yenesew Mihret [2 ]
Merdekios, Behailu [5 ]
Asres, Mezgebu Silamsaw [2 ]
van Griensven, Johan [7 ]
van der Auwera, Gert [7 ]
van Henten, Saskia [7 ]
Pareyn, Myrthe [7 ]
机构
[1] Debre Markos Univ, Debre Markos, Ethiopia
[2] Univ Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia
[3] Amhara Publ Hlth Inst, Bahir Dar, Ethiopia
[4] Ethiopian Publ Hlth Inst, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
[5] Arba Minch Univ, Arba Minch, Ethiopia
[6] Wollo Univ, Dessie, Ethiopia
[7] Inst Trop Med Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
关键词
Cutaneous leishmaniasis; Species typing; Ethiopia; Leishmania donovani; Leishmania aethiopica; VISCERAL LEISHMANIASIS; ABA-ROBA; TROPICA; AETHIOPICA; DIPTERA;
D O I
10.1186/s13071-023-06057-9
中图分类号
R38 [医学寄生虫学]; Q [生物科学];
学科分类号
07 ; 0710 ; 09 ; 100103 ;
摘要
Background Leishmaniasis is a common neglected tropical disease in Ethiopia. Visceral leishmaniasis (VL) caused by Leishmania donovani presents in the lowlands, while cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL) affects people living in the highlands. Although CL is described as being caused by Leishmania aethiopica, there is also evidence of L. tropica and L. major isolated from a patient, sand flies and potential reservoirs. Information on species causing CL in Ethiopia is patchy, and no nation-wide study has ever been done. Understanding which species are causing CL in Ethiopia can have important implications for patient management and disease prevention.Methods We analyzed stored routine samples and biobanked DNA isolates from previously conducted studies of CL patients from different centers in the north, center and south of Ethiopia. Species typing was performed using ITS-1 PCR with high-resolution melt (HRM) analysis, followed by HSP70 amplicon sequencing on a selection of the samples. Additionally, sociodemographic, clinical and laboratory data of patients were analyzed.Results Of the 226 CL samples collected, the Leishmania species could be determined for 105 (45.5%). Leishmania aethiopica was identified in 101 (96.2%) samples from across the country. In four samples originating from Amhara region, northwestern Ethiopia, L. donovani was identified by ITS-1 HRM PCR, of which two were confirmed with HSP70 sequences. While none of these four patients had symptoms of VL, two originated from known VL endemic areas.Conclusions The majority of CL was caused by L. aethiopica, but CL due to L. tropica and L. major cannot be ruled out. Our study is the first to our knowledge to demonstrate CL patients caused by L. donovani in Ethiopia. This should spark future research to investigate where, how and to which extent such transmission takes place, how it differs genetically from L. donovani causing VL and whether such patients can be diagnosed and treated successfully with the currently available tools and drugs.
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页数:9
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