Study on ecological environment damage compensation in China

To provide more theoretical support for improving the ecological environment damage compensation system, this paper discusses policy design and enforcement in China in recent years. A flow chart is summarized to clarify the whole implementation process and extract the characteristics of the policies implemented in China now. An evaluation system that refers to these characteristics is built to measure their pros and cons. This evaluation system is based on six key indicators: official value criteria, the management of compensatory payments, executive efficiency, emergency efficiency, responsibility fulfillment and innovation. Focusing on the field of biodiversity, biodiversity compensatory cases based on their different features from the officially released typical examples are selected to assess the policies. The result shows that performance of the management of compensatory payments is generally poor, and the indicators of executive efficiency and responsibility fulfillment mostly improve over time, while the performance of the official value criteria indicators of administrative public interest litigation and civil public interest litigation are quite different. From the perspective of types, the characteristics of biodiversity cases related to marine resources are more prominent. From the perspective of time, the indicators of emergency efficiency gradually improve over time. From the perspective of policy stages, good design and implementation of policy can bring good effect. Finally, we also put forward suggestions on promoting and improving the ecological environment damage compensation system in China.