Impacts of metal mining on river systems: a global assessment

被引：90

作者：

Macklin, M. G. ^{[1
,2
,3
]}

Thomas, C. J. ^{[1
,4
]}

Mudbhatkal, A. ^{[1
]}

Brewer, P. A. ^{[5
]}

Hudson-Edwards, K. A. ^{[6
,7
]}

Lewin, J. ^{[5
]}

Scussolini, P. ^{[8
]}

Eilander, D. ^{[8
,9
,10
]}

Lechner, A. ^{[11
]}

Owen, J. ^{[12
]}

Bird, G. ^{[13
]}

Kemp, D. ^{[14
]}

Mangalaa, K. R. ^{[15
]}

机构：

[1] Univ Lincoln, Lincoln Ctr Water & Planetary Hlth, Lincoln, England

[2] Massey Univ, Inst Agr & Environm, Innovat River Solut, Palmerston North, New Zealand

[3] La Trobe Univ, Ctr Study Inland, Melbourne, Australia

[4] Univ Namibia, Windhoek, Namibia

[5] Aberystwyth Univ, Dept Geog & Earth Sci, Aberystwyth, Wales

[6] Univ Exeter, Environm & Sustainabil Inst, Penryn, Cornwall, England

[7] Univ Exeter, Camborne Sch Mines, Penryn, Cornwall, England

[8] Vrije Univ Amsterdam, Inst Environm Studies, Amsterdam, Netherlands

[9] Deltares, Dept Inland Water Syst, Delft, Netherlands

[10] Vrije Univ Amsterdam, Netherlands Inst Environm Studies, Delft, Netherlands

[11] Monash Univ Indonesia, Jakarta, Indonesia

[12] Univ Free State, Ctr Dev Support, Bloemfontein, South Africa

[13] Bangor Univ, Sch Nat Sci, Bangor, Wales

[14] Univ Queensland, Sustainable Minerals Inst, Ctr Social Responsibil Min, St Lucia, Australia

[15] Govt India, Minist Earth Sci, New Delhi, India

来源：

SCIENCE | 2023年 / 381卷 / 6664期

关键词：

HEAVY-METALS; CONTAMINATION; SEDIMENTS; WATER; GEOMORPHOLOGY; DISPERSAL; FLUXES; BASIN; TYNE;

D O I：

10.1126/science.adg6704

中图分类号：

O [数理科学和化学]; P [天文学、地球科学]; Q [生物科学]; N [自然科学总论];

学科分类号：

07 ; 0710 ; 09 ;

摘要：

An estimated 23 million people live on floodplains affected by potentially dangerous concentrations of toxic waste derived from past and present metal mining activity. We analyzed the global dimensions of this hazard, particularly in regard to lead, zinc, copper, and arsenic, using a georeferenced global database detailing all known metal mining sites and intact and failed tailings storage facilities. We then used process-based and empirically tested modeling to produce a global assessment of metal mining contamination in river systems and the numbers of human populations and livestock exposed. Worldwide, metal mines affect 479,200 kilometers of river channels and 164,000 square kilometers of floodplains. The number of people exposed to contamination sourced from long-term discharge of mining waste into rivers is almost 50 times greater than the number directly affected by tailings dam failures.

引用

页码：1345 / 1350

页数：6

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