A seven-Earth-radius helium-burning star inside a 20.5-min detached binary

被引：11

作者：

Lin, Jie ^{[1
,2
,3
,4
]}

Wu, Chengyuan ^{[5
,6
,7
]}

Xiong, Heran ^{[8
]}

Wang, Xiaofeng ^{[1
,2
,9
]}

Nemeth, Peter ^{[10
,11
]}

Han, Zhanwen ^{[5
,6
,7
]}

Li, Jiangdan ^{[5
,6
]}

Elias-Rosa, Nancy ^{[12
,13
]}

Salmaso, Irene ^{[12
,14
]}

Filippenko, Alexei V. ^{[15
]}

Brink, Thomas G. ^{[15
]}

Yang, Yi ^{[15
]}

Chen, Xuefei ^{[5
,6
,7
]}

Yan, Shengyu ^{[1
,2
]}

Zhang, Jujia ^{[5
,6
,7
]}

Guo, Sufen ^{[16
]}

Cai, Yongzhi ^{[5
,6
,7
]}

Mo, Jun ^{[1
,2
]}

Xi, Gaobo ^{[1
,2
]}

Liu, Jialian ^{[1
,2
]}

Guo, Jincheng ^{[9
]}

Xia, Qiqi ^{[1
,2
]}

Xiang, Danfeng ^{[1
,2
]}

Li, Gaici ^{[1
]}

Li, Zhenwei ^{[5
,6
]}

Zheng, Weikang ^{[15
]}

Zhang, Jicheng ^{[17
,18
]}

Liu, Qichun ^{[1
,2
]}

Guo, Fangzhou ^{[1
,2
]}

Chen, Liyang ^{[1
,2
]}

Li, Wenxiong ^{[19
,20
]}

机构：

[1] Tsinghua Univ, Dept Phys, Beijing, Peoples R China

[2] Tsinghua Univ, Tsinghua Ctr Astrophys, Beijing, Peoples R China

[3] Univ Sci & Technol China, Dept Astron, CAS Key Lab Res Galaxies & Cosmol, Hefei, Peoples R China

[4] Univ Sci & Technol China, Sch Astron & Space Sci, Hefei, Peoples R China

[5] Chinese Acad Sci, Yunnan Observ, Kunming, Peoples R China

[6] Chinese Acad Sci, Key Lab Struct & Evolut Celestial Objects, Kunming, Peoples R China

[7] Int Ctr Supernovae, Yunnan Key Lab, Kunming, Peoples R China

[8] Australian Natl Univ, Res Sch Astron & Astrophys, Canberra, ACT, Australia

[9] Beijing Acad Sci & Technol, Beijing Planetarium, Beijing, Peoples R China

[10] Czech Acad Sci, Astron Inst, Ondrejov, Czech Republic

[11] Astroserver Org, Malomsok, Hungary

[12] INAF Osservatorio Astron Padova, Padua, Italy

[13] Inst Space Sci ICE CSIC, Campus UAB,Carrer Can Magrans S-N, Barcelona, Spain

[14] Univ Padua, Dipartimento Fis & Astron G Galilei, Padua, Italy

[15] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Astron, Berkeley, CA USA

[16] Xinjiang Univ, Sch Phys Sci & Technol, Urumqi, Peoples R China

[17] Beijing Normal Univ, Inst Frontiers Astron & Astrophys, Beijing, Peoples R China

[18] Beijing Normal Univ, Dept Astron, Beijing, Peoples R China

[19] Chinese Acad Sci, Natl Astron Observ, Beijing, Peoples R China

[20] Tel Aviv Univ, Sch Phys & Astron, Tel Aviv, Israel

来源：

NATURE ASTRONOMY | 2024年 / 8卷 / 04期

基金：

中国国家自然科学基金; 美国国家科学基金会;

关键词：

LISA VERIFICATION BINARIES; SUBDWARF-B-STARS; LOW-MASS; WHITE-DWARFS; SDB STARS; EVOLUTION; TELESCOPE; CHANNEL; POPULATION; KINEMATICS;

D O I：

10.1038/s41550-023-02188-2

中图分类号：

P1 [天文学];

学科分类号：

0704 ;

摘要：

Binary evolution theory predicts that the second common envelope ejection can produce low-mass (0.32-0.36 M circle dot) subdwarf B (sdB) stars inside ultrashort-orbital-period binary systems, as their helium cores are ignited under nondegenerate conditions. With the orbital decay driven by gravitational-wave (GW) radiation, the minimum orbital periods of detached sdB binaries could be as short as similar to 20 min. However, only four sdB binaries with orbital periods below an hour have been reported so far, and none of them has an orbital period approaching the above theoretical limit. Here we report the discovery of a 20.5-min-orbital-period ellipsoidal binary, TMTS J052610.43+593445.1, in which the visible star is being tidally deformed by an invisible carbon-oxygen white dwarf companion. The visible component is inferred to be an sdB star with a mass similar to 0.33 M circle dot approaching the helium-ignition limit, although a He-core white dwarf cannot be completely ruled out. In particular, the radius of this low-mass sdB star is only 0.066 R circle dot, about seven Earth radii. Such a system provides a key clue in mapping the binary evolution scheme from the second common envelope ejection to the formation of AM CVn stars having a helium-star donor. It may also serve as a crucial verification binary of space-borne GW observatories such as LISA and TianQin in the future. A very uncommon detached binary system with a 20.5-min orbital period has been discovered to harbour a carbon-oxygen white dwarf star and a low-mass subdwarf B star with a seven-Earth radius that traces the theoretical limit of binary evolution predicted 20 years ago.

引用

页码：491 / 503

页数：17

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