A review: (Bi,Na)TiO3 (BNT)-based energy storage ceramics

Facing the increasingly serious energy and environmental problems, the research and development of new energy storage technology and environment-friendly energy storage materials are imminent. As a typical lead-free ferroelectric with excellent dielectric properties, (Bi,Na)TiO3 (BNT) is supposed to be the most potential and competitive environment-friendly ceramic material and has become a research hotspot for dielectric energy storage in recent years. This paper first briefly introduces the basic physical principles and energy storage performance evaluation parameters of dielectric energy storage materials, then summarizes the critical research systems and related progress of BNT-based lead-free energy storage materials (bulk ceramics, films and multilayer ceramics) from the aspects of ions doping modification and multi-component composite optimization, and finally looks forward to the improvement direction and energy storage application prospect of BNT-based lead-free relaxor ferroelectric materials. (c) 2023 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. on behalf of The Chinese Ceramic Society. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/).