Prevalence and Risk Factors of Eimeria spp. in Broiler Chickens from Pichincha and Santo Domingo de los Tsáchilas, Ecuador

被引：2

作者：

Cevallos-Gordon, Ana ^{[1
,2
]}

Molina, C. Alfonso ^{[1
,3
]}

Radman, Nilda ^{[2
]}

Ron, Lenin ^{[1
,3
,4
]}

Gamboa, Maria Ines ^{[2
]}

机构：

[1] Cent Univ Ecuador, Fac Vet Med, Quito 170521, Ecuador

[2] Natl Univ La Plata, Fac Vet Sci, B1900AFW, La Plata, Argentina

[3] Cent Univ Ecuador, Inst Publ Hlth & Zoonot Res, Quito 170521, Ecuador

[4] Cent Univ Ecuador, Fac Agron, Quito 170521, Ecuador

来源：

PATHOGENS | 2024年 / 13卷 / 01期

关键词：

coccidiosis; Eimeria; OPG (oocysts per gram); risk factors; poultry farming; Ecuador; MOLECULAR-IDENTIFICATION; POULTRY COCCIDIOSIS; RECENT ADVANCEMENTS; ANTICOCCIDIAL DRUG; AVIAN COCCIDIOSIS; MULTIPLEX PCR; REGION; FARMS; VACCINATION; SOUTHERN;

D O I：

10.3390/pathogens13010048

中图分类号：

Q93 [微生物学];

学科分类号：

071005 ; 100705 ;

摘要：

Coccidiosis in chickens is a parasitic disease of economic importance for the poultry industry. In Ecuador, there is limited information regarding the prevalence of Eimeria spp. on commercial broiler farms. Therefore, a total of 155 poultry farms in the provinces of Pichincha and Santo Domingo de los Tsachilas were surveyed. The analysis of fresh fecal samples was conducted to determine the parasitic load of six of the seven chicken Eimeria species (excluding E. mitis) through multiplex PCR. Additionally, an epidemiological survey was performed to assess the risk factors associated with the infection using a multivariable logistic regression model. All samples tested positive for the presence of Eimeria spp., despite the farmers having implemented prophylactic measures, and no clinical coccidiosis cases were recorded. The parasitic load varied between 25 and 69,900 oocyst per gram. The species prevalence was as follows: Eimeria spp. 100%, E. maxima 80.4%, E. acervulina 70.6%, E. praecox 55.4%, E. tenella 53.6%, E. necatrix 52.2%, and E. brunetti 30.8%. The main species combination was E. cervuline, E. maxima, E. necatrix, and E. praecox (23.90%), followed by E. tenella, as a unique species (10.69%), and then E. acervulina, E. maxima, and E. praecox (8.81%). It was observed that farms operated by independent producers had a higher amount of Eimeria spp. and higher probability of the presence of E. brunetti, E. necatrix, E. praecox, and E. tenella. Poultry houses located below 1300 m above sea level were associated with a higher parasitic load and the presence of E. brunetti. Birds younger than 35 days of age and from open-sided poultry houses (with rudimentary environmental control) had a higher probability of presenting E. maxima. Drinking water from wells increased the risk of E. praecox presence. Research aimed at designing control strategies to improve health management on poultry farms in the region would help minimize the impact of coccidiosis.

引用

页数：16