Social network analysis of illicit organ trading networks: The Medicus case

Organ trafficking has been receiving more attention in recent years as its association with transnational crime organizations became evident. Most of the academic studies available on this topic are qualitative case studies, descriptively analyzing the nature of the crime and the agents involved. These studies often highlight the unique nature of organ trafficking, which is the involvement of medical service providers in the network. There have been, however, no effort made to examine the connections between medical service providers and other agents in the network in a quantitative fashion. This study presents unique quantitative data extracted from the "Medicus case", a well-documented court case involving kidney trafficking that surfaced in Pristina, Kosovo, in 2008. Social Network Analysis (SNA) was employed to quantitatively analyze the structure and characteristics of the kidney trafficking network. The results reveal that there was a significant variation in the level of involvement in kidney trafficking both across and within different types of agents. Notably, medical staff, facilities, and brokers played vital roles in the kidney trafficking network. Moreover, kidney sellers held a more prominent role than kidney buyers, with certain sellers playing particularly influential roles. In sum, this study demonstrates the promise of SNA as a tool for understanding kidney trafficking networks, and that further research is warranted to fully explore its potential in this field.