Synthesis of Two-Dimensional Hexagonal Boron Nitride and Mid-Infrared Nanophotonics

Two-dimensional hexagonal boron nitride (2D h-BN), a representative of 2D layered materials with unique structure and properties, is one of the most promising inorganic nanomaterials in recent years. The excellent properties of h-BN in the mid-infrared (MIR) region (similar to 2-20 mu m) have also received much attention. At the same time, with the advancement of materials exploration and device-on-chip integrated systems, the synthesis of high-quality h-BN has encountered great challenges, which is a prerequisite for the application of h-BN in the MIR region. In this paper, we first review the recent advances in 2D h-BN synthesis by highlighting the research, advantages and disadvantages of various synthesis methods, and the critical issues encountered so far. Then, advances in the study and application of h-BN in the MIR region are explored, including perfect absorption, photodetectors, electro-optical modulators, phonon polaritons, and plasma excitons. Finally, we present our views on the challenges encountered in the synthesis and application of 2D hBN in the MIR region in the near future in the context of the article's discussion and the potential of h-BN development, with the hope this review will be of some help to relevant researchers.