Standardized ileal digestibility of amino acids in cottonseed meal fed to pregnant and non-pregnant sows

This study determined the apparent ileal digestibility (AID) and standard ileal digestibility (SID) of crude protein (CP) and amino acids (AA) of six cottonseed meal (CSM) samples in pregnant and non-pregnant sows. Two CSM samples were processed by expelling with a CP level of 40.67% (ECSM41) and 44.64% (ECSM45), and four samples were processed by solvent-extracted which contained graded CP levels of 45% (SECSM45), 51.16% (SECSM51), 56.44% (SECSM56), and 59.63% (SECSM60). Landrace xYorkshire third parity sows, 7 at gestation and 14 non-pregnant, were fitted with T-cannula in the distal ileum. Pregnant sows were allotted to a 7 x 6 Latin square design with a cornstarch-based nitrogen-free (NF) diet and the six CSM diets, and non-pregnant sows were allotted to a replicated 7 x 3 Latin square design with seven diets and three periods, respectively, resulting in a total of six replicates per treatment. All experimental sows were fed 3.0 kg/d of the experimental diets. The AID of CP in ECSM41 (75.58%) was lower than in SECSM51 (80.42%), SECSM56 (80.50%), and SECSM60 (82.44%) diets for pregnant sows (P < 0.05). The AID of CP in ECSM41 (77.88%) was significantly lower than in SECSM60 (81.87%) diets for non-pregnant sows (P < 0.05). The physiological phase did not affect the AID of CP (P > 0.05). The SID of CP was affected by diets for both pregnant (P < 0.01) and non-pregnant sows (P = 0.06). The physiological phase also affected the SID of CP (P < 0.01). The AID of histidine, leucine, methionine, threonine, and tryptophan significantly differed between different CSM samples in both pregnant (P < 0.05) and non-pregnant sows (P < 0.05). The AID of dispensable AA aspartic acid, cysteine, glutamic acid, serine, and tyrosine differed between different CSM samples of both pregnant (P < 0.05) and non-pregnant sows (P < 0.05). For pregnant sows, the indispensable AA cysteine, glycine, proline, and tyrosine had significantly different SID between different groups (P < 0.05). For non-pregnant sows, the SID of arginine, lysine, methionine, threonine, aspartic acid, cysteine, and serine had different values among different diets (P < 0.05). In conclusion, the current study presented that the ileal AA digestibility of CSM fed to pregnant and non-pregnant sows increased with the decreased of fiber content, and the current findings can contribute to a precise formulation of diets for sows using CSM.