Registration-free 3D super-resolution generative deep-learning network for fluorescence microscopy imaging

Volumetric fluorescence microscopy has a great demand for high-resolution (HR) imaging and comes at the cost of sophisticated imaging solutions. Image super-resolution (SR) methods offer an effective way to recover HR images from low-resolution (LR) images. Nevertheless, these methods require pixel-level registered LR and HR images, posing a challenge in accurate image registration. To address these issues, we propose a novel registration-free image SR method. Our method conducts SR training and prediction directly on unregistered LR and HR volume neuronal images. The network is built on the CycleGAN framework and the 3D UNet based on attention mechanism. We evaluated our method on LR (5x/0.16-NA) and HR (20x/1.0-NA) fluorescence volume neuronal images collected by light-sheet microscopy. Compared to other super-resolution methods, our approach achieved the best reconstruction results. Our method shows promise for wide applications in the field of neuronal image super-resolution. (c) 2023 Optica Publishing Group