Convective Vortices and Dust Devils Detected and Characterized by Mars 2020

被引：15

作者：

Hueso, R. ^{[1
]}

Newman, C. E. ^{[2
]}

del Rio-Gaztelurrutia, T. ^{[1
]}

Munguira, A. ^{[1
]}

Sanchez-Lavega, A. ^{[1
]}

Toledo, D. ^{[3
]}

Apestigue, V. ^{[3
]}

Arruego, I. ^{[3
]}

Vicente-Retortillo, A. ^{[4
]}

Martinez, G. ^{[5
]}

Lemmon, M. ^{[6
]}

Lorenz, R. ^{[7
]}

Richardson, M. ^{[2
]}

Viudez-Moreiras, D. ^{[4
]}

de la Torre-juarez, M. ^{[8
]}

Rodriguez-Manfredi, J. A. ^{[4
]}

Tamppari, L. K. ^{[8
]}

Murdoch, N. ^{[9
]}

Navarro-Lopez, S. ^{[4
]}

Gomez-Elvira, J. ^{[4
]}

Baker, M. ^{[10
]}

Pla-Garcia, J. ^{[4
]}

Harri, A. M. ^{[11
]}

Hieta, M. ^{[11
]}

Genzer, M. ^{[11
]}

Polkko, J. ^{[11
]}

Jaakonaho, I. ^{[11
]}

Makinen, T. ^{[11
]}

Stott, A. ^{[9
]}

Mimoun, D. ^{[9
]}

Chide, B. ^{[12
]}

Sebastian, E. ^{[4
]}

Banfield, D. ^{[13
]}

Lepinette-Malvite, A. ^{[4
]}

机构：

[1] Univ Pais Vasco UPV EHU, Escuela Ingn Bilbao, Fis Aplicada, Bilbao, Spain

[2] Aeolis Res, Chandler, AZ USA

[3] Inst Nacl Tecn Aerosp INTA, Madrid, Spain

[4] Ctr Astrobiol INTA CSIC, Madrid, Spain

[5] Lunar & Planetary Inst, Houston, TX USA

[6] Space Sci Inst, College Stn, TX USA

[7] Johns Hopkins Appl Phys Lab, Laurel, MD USA

[8] CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, Pasadena, CA USA

[9] Univ Toulouse, Inst Super Aeronaut & Espace ISAE SUPAERO, Toulouse, France

[10] Smithsonian Inst, Washington, DC USA

[11] Finnish Meteorol Inst, Helsinki, Finland

[12] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM USA

[13] Cornell Univ, Cornell Ctr Astrophys & Planetary Sci, Ithaca, NY USA

来源：

JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-PLANETS | 2023年 / 128卷 / 02期

基金：

芬兰科学院; 美国国家航空航天局;

关键词：

Mars; dust sevils; Jezero; MEDA; PRESSURE DROPS;

D O I：

10.1029/2022JE007516

中图分类号：

P3 [地球物理学]; P59 [地球化学];

学科分类号：

0708 ; 070902 ;

摘要：

We characterize vortex and dust devils (DDs) at Jezero from pressure and winds obtained with the Mars Environmental Dynamics Analyzer (MEDA) instrument on Mars 2020 over 415 Martian days (sols) (Ls = 6 degrees-213 degrees). Vortices are abundant (4.9 per sol with pressure drops >0.5 Pa correcting from gaps in coverage) and they peak at noon. At least one in every five vortices carries dust, and 75% of all vortices with ?p > 2.0 Pa are dusty. Seasonal variability was small but DDs were abundant during a dust storm (Ls = 152 degrees-156 degrees). Vortices are more frequent and intense over terrains with lower thermal inertia favoring high daytime surface-to-air temperature gradients. We fit measurements of winds and pressure during DD encounters to models of vortices. We obtain vortex diameters that range from 5 to 135 m with a mean of 20 m, and from the frequency of close encounters we estimate a DD activity of 2.0-3.0 DDs km (-2) sol (-1). A comparison of MEDA observations with a Large Eddy Simulation of Jezero at Ls = 45 degrees produces a similar result. Three 100-m size DDs passed within 30 m of the rover from what we estimate that the activity of DDs with diameters >100 m is 0.1 DDs km-2sol (-1), implying that dust lifting is dominated by the largest vortices in Jezero. At least one vortex had a central pressure drop of 9.0 Pa and internal winds of 25 ms (-1). The MEDA wind sensors were partially damaged during two DD encounters whose characteristics we elaborate in detail.

引用

页数：28

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