Biosynthesis of silver nanoparticles using Coriandrum sativum L. extract and evaluation of their antibacterial, anti-inflammatory and antinociceptive activities

The phytochemical analysis, antibacterial activity, and in vivo anti-inflammatory and antinociceptive activi-ties of methanolic extract of Coriandrum sativum L (C. sativum) aerial parts were investigated in this study. In addition, the green synthesized silver nanoparticles by using the C. sativum extract were characterized by scanning electron microscope, dynamic light scattering, UV-visible spectroscopy and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy methods. Liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry analysis of crude extract revealed that kaempferol, quercetin, flavone, vanillic acid, p-coumarinic acid, apigenin, elemol, p-cymene, and heptanol represent major components. The synthesis of nano-formulated silver nanoparticles (silver NPs) was confirmed by a change in the color of the solution from yellow to dark brown and by UV-visible spectroscopy with a peak detected at 460 nm that is related to the surface Plasmon reference of silver NPs. Furthermore, the morphological analysis of silver NPs by SEM revealed predominately spherical particles with a smooth surface. DLS analysis indicated that silver NPs have been well dispersed, close compact and with average diameter of 176.78 nm. The in vivo anti-inflammatory and antinociceptive activities were tested by using the carrageenan-induced edema model and formalin test, respectively. The results showed a potential anti-inflammatory activity after carrageenan injection compared to the Piroxicam (6.0 mm), for sil-ver NPs (7.32 mm) and plant extract (8.25 mm). In contrast, topically administered preparation gel on the first and second phase of formalin-induced edema in rats, showed a considerable percentage of antinocicep-tive activity for silver NPs (72.8%) and plant extract (29.3%) when compared to the control methyl salicylate (88%). The antibacterial activity of the extract against Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria was tested by using Disc diffusion method and results indicated that silver NPs caused remarkably higher zone of inhibi-tion from that of the plant extract on S. aureus, M. luteus, B. subtilis, and E. coli. Therefore, the silver NPs of the methanolic extract of C. sativum have promising anti-inflammatory, antinociceptive and antibacterial activi-ties that are attributed to the bioactive compounds of the extract.(c) 2023 SAAB. Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.