Dense nuclear matter equation of state from heavy-ion collisions

被引：102

作者：

Sorensen, Agnieszka ^{[1
]}

Agarwal, Kshitij ^{[2
]}

Brown, Kyle W. ^{[3
,4
]}

Chajecki, Zbigniew ^{[5
]}

Danielewicz, Pawel ^{[3
,6
]}

Drischler, Christian ^{[7
]}

Gandolfi, Stefano ^{[8
]}

Holt, Jeremy W. ^{[9
,10
]}

Kaminski, Matthias ^{[11
]}

Ko, Che-Ming ^{[9
,10
]}

Kumar, Rohit

Li, Bao-An ^{[12
]}

Lynch, William G.

Mcintosh, Alan B. ^{[10
]}

Newton, William G.

Pratt, Scott

Savchuk, Oleh ^{[13
]}

Stefaniak, Maria ^{[14
,15
]}

Tews, Ingo

Tsang, ManYee Betty

Vogt, Ramona ^{[16
,17
]}

Wolter, Hermann ^{[18
]}

Zbroszczyk, Hanna ^{[19
]}

Abbasi, Navid ^{[20
]}

Aichelin, Joerg ^{[21
,22
]}

Andronic, Anton ^{[23
]}

Bass, Steffen A. ^{[24
]}

Becattini, Francesco ^{[25
,26
]}

Blaschke, David ^{[27
,28
,29
]}

Bleicher, Marcus ^{[30
,31
]}

Blume, Christoph ^{[32
]}

Bratkovskaya, Elena

Brown, B. Alex

Brown, David A. ^{[33
]}

Camaiani, Alberto

Casini, Giovanni

Chatziioannou, Katerina ^{[34
,35
]}

Chbihi, Abdelouahad ^{[36
]}

Colonna, Maria ^{[37
]}

Cozma, Mircea Dan ^{[38
]}

Dexheimer, Veronica ^{[39
]}

Dong, Xin ^{[40
]}

Dore, Travis ^{[41
]}

Du, Lipei ^{[42
]}

Duenas, Jose A. ^{[43
]}

Elfner, Hannah

Florkowski, Wojciech ^{[44
]}

Fujimoto, Yuki

Furnstahl, Richard J.

Gade, Alexandra

机构：

[1] Univ Washington, Inst Nucl Theory, Seattle, WA 98195 USA

[2] Eberhard Karls Univ Tubingen, Phys Inst, D-72076 Tubingen, Germany

[3] Michigan State Univ, Facil Rare Isotope Beams, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA

[4] Michigan State Univ, Dept Chem, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA

[5] Western Michigan Univ, Dept Phys, Kalamazoo, MI 49008 USA

[6] Michigan State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA

[7] Ohio Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Athens, OH 45701 USA

[8] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Theoret Div, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA

[9] Texas A&M Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, College Stn, TX 77843 USA

[10] Texas A&M Univ, Cyclotron Inst, College Stn, TX 77843 USA

[11] Univ Alabama, Dept Phys & Astron, Tuscaloosa, AL 35487 USA

[12] Texas A&M Univ Commerce, Dept Phys & Astron, Commerce, TX 75429 USA

[13] Bogolyubov Inst Theoret Phys, UA-03680 Kiev, Ukraine

[14] Ohio State Univ, Dept Phys, Columbus, OH 43210 USA

[15] GSI Helmholtz Ctr Heavy Ion Res, D-64291 Darmstadt, Germany

[16] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Nucl & Chem Sci Div, Livermore, CA 94551 USA

[17] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Phys & Astron, Davis, CA 95616 USA

[18] Univ Munich, Fac Phys, D-85748 Garching, Germany

[19] Warsaw Univ Sci & Technol, Inst Sterowania & Elekt Przemyslowej, Warsaw, Poland

[20] Lanzhou Univ, Sch Nucl Sci & Technol, Lanzhou 730000, Peoples R China

[21] Nantes Univ, IMT Atlantique, SUBATECH, IN2P3 CNRS, F-44307 Nantes, France

[22] Frankfurt Inst Adv Studies, D-60438 Frankfurt, Germany

[23] Westfal Wilhelms Univ Munster, Inst Kernphys, Munster, Germany

[24] Duke Univ, Dept Phys, Durham, NC 27708 USA

[25] Univ Florence, Dipartimento Fis & Astron, I-50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Firenze, Italy

[26] INFN Sez Firenze, I-50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Italy

[27] Univ Wroclaw, Inst Theoret Phys, PL-50204 Wroclaw, Poland

[28] Ctr Adv Syst Understanding CASUS, D-02826 Gorlitz, Germany

[29] Helmholtz Zentrum Dresden Rossendorf HZDR, D-01328 Dresden, Germany

[30] Goethe Univ Frankfurt, Inst Theoret Phys, D-60438 Frankfurt, Germany

[31] Helmholtz Res Acad Hesse FAIR HFHF, GSI Helmholtz Ctr, Campus Frankfurt, D-60438 Frankfurt, Germany

[32] Goethe Univ Frankfurt, Inst Kernphys, D-60438 Frankfurt, Germany

[33] Brookhaven Natl Lab, Nucl Sci & Technol Dept, Upton, NY 11973 USA

[34] CALTECH, Dept Phys, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA

[35] CALTECH, LIGO Lab, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA

[36] Lycee Malherbe, Caen, France

[37] INFN Lab Nazl Sud, I-95123 Catania, Italy

[38] Horia Hulubei Natl Inst Phys & Nucl Engn IFIN HH, Bucharest 077125, Romania

[39] Kent State Univ, Dept Phys, Kent, OH 44242 USA

[40] Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Nucl Sci Div, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA

[41] Univ Bielefeld, Fak Phys, D-33615 Bielefeld, Germany

[42] McGill Univ, Dept Phys, Montreal, PQ H3A 2T8, Canada

[43] Univ Huelva, Ctr Estudios Avanzados Fis Matemat & Comp CEAFMC, Huelva 21007, Spain

[44] Jagiellonian Univ, Inst Theoret Phys, Krakow, Poland

[45] Tech Univ Darmstadt, Dept Phys, D-64289 Darmstadt, Germany

[46] Rice Univ, Dept Phys Astron, Houston, TX 77005 USA

[47] Univ Edinburgh, Higgs Ctr Theoret Phys, Edinburgh EH8 9YL, Midlothian, Scotland

[48] Univ Ljubljana, Fac Math & Phys, SI-1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia

[49] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Phys, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA

[50] Univ Ghent, Dept Phys & Astron, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium

来源：

PROGRESS IN PARTICLE AND NUCLEAR PHYSICS | 2024年 / 134卷

基金：

美国国家科学基金会;

关键词：

Heavy-ion collisions; Hadronic transport; Nuclear matter; Equation of state; Symmetry energy; PLUS AU COLLISIONS; GRAVITATIONAL-WAVE OBSERVATIONS; MULTI-MESSENGER OBSERVATIONS; QUANTUM MOLECULAR-DYNAMICS; HIGH-MOMENTUM COMPONENTS; COOLING NEUTRON-STAR; MONTE-CARLO METHODS; QUARK-GLUON PLASMA; X-RAY TRANSIENTS; MEAN FREE-PATH;

D O I：

10.1016/j.ppnp.2023.104080

中图分类号：

O57 [原子核物理学、高能物理学];

学科分类号：

070202 ;

摘要：

The nuclear equation of state (EOS) is at the center of numerous theoretical and experimental efforts in nuclear physics. With advances in microscopic theories for nuclear interactions, the availability of experiments probing nuclear matter under conditions not reached before, endeav-ors to develop sophisticated and reliable transport simulations to interpret these experiments, and the advent of multi-messenger astronomy, the next decade will bring new opportunities for determining the nuclear matter EOS, elucidating its dependence on density, temperature, and isospin asymmetry. Among controlled terrestrial experiments, collisions of heavy nuclei at inter -mediate beam energies (from a few tens of MeV/nucleon to about 25 GeV/nucleon in the fixed-target frame) probe the widest ranges of baryon density and temperature, enabling studies of nuclear matter from a few tenths to about 5 times the nuclear saturation density and for temper-atures from a few to well above a hundred MeV, respectively. Collisions of neutron-rich isotopes further bring the opportunity to probe effects due to the isospin asymmetry. However, capitaliz-ing on the enormous scientific effort aimed at uncovering the dense nuclear matter EOS, both at RHIC and at FRIB as well as at other international facilities, depends on the continued develop-ment of state-of-the-art hadronic transport simulations. This white paper highlights the essential role that heavy-ion collision experiments and hadronic transport simulations play in understand -ing strong interactions in dense nuclear matter, with an emphasis on how these efforts can be used together with microscopic approaches and neutron star studies to uncover the nuclear EOS.

引用

页数：62

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Adams, T. ;

Addesso, P. ;

Adhikari, R. X. ;

Adya, V. B. ;

Affeldt, C. ;

Agarwal, B. ;

Agathos, M. ;

Agatsuma, K. ;

Aggarwal, N. ;

Aguiar, O. D. ;

Aiello, L. ;

Ain, A. ;

Ajith, P. ;

Allen, B. ;

Allen, G. ;

Allocca, A. ;

Aloy, M. A. ;

Altin, P. A. ;

Amato, A. ;

Ananyeva, A. ;

Anderson, S. B. ;

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Angelova, S. V. ;

Antier, S. ;

Appert, S. ;

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Araya, M. C. ;

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