"I am the doctor": gender-based bias within the clinical practice of emergency medicine in Canada-a thematic analysis of physician and trainee interview data

被引:2
作者
Jagelaviciute, Gabriele [1 ]
Bouwsema, Melissa [2 ]
Walker, Melanie [1 ,2 ,3 ]
Steer, Molly [1 ]
Dagnone, Damon [2 ]
Brennan, Erin [2 ]
机构
[1] Queens Univ, Fac Hlth Sci, Sch Med, Undergrad Med Educ, Kingston, ON, Canada
[2] Queens Univ, Fac Hlth Sci, Sch Med, Dept Emergency Med, Kingston, ON, Canada
[3] Queens Univ, Fac Hlth Sci, Sch Med, Dept Publ Hlth Sci, Kingston, ON, Canada
关键词
egalite des sexes; Pratique clinique; Medecine d'urgence; Recherche qualitative; Gender equity; Clinical practice; Emergency medicine; Qualitative research; CAREER CHOICE; WOMEN; DISCRIMINATION; EXPERIENCES; HARASSMENT; QUALITY;
D O I
10.1007/s43678-024-00672-w
中图分类号
R4 [临床医学];
学科分类号
1002 ; 100602 ;
摘要
ObjectivesWhile women comprise about half of current Canadian medical students and physicians, only 31% of emergency medicine physicians identify as women and women trainees are less likely to express interest in emergency medicine compared to men. Gender-based bias continues to negatively impact the career choice, progress, and well-being of women physicians/trainees. Although instances of gender-based bias are well documented within other medical specialties, there remains a gap in the literature addressing the role of gender specific to the Canadian emergency medicine clinical environment.MethodsUsing a qualitative study with a thematic analytical approach, participants were purposively and snowball sampled from a cross-section of centers across Canada and included emergency medicine attending physicians and trainees. A thematic analysis using an inductive and deductive approach was undertaken. All data were double coded to improve study trustworthiness. Descriptive statistics were used to characterize the study population.ResultsThirty-four individuals (17 woman-identifying and 17 man-identifying) from 10 different institutions across 4 provinces in Canada participated in the study. Six themes were identified: (1) women experience gender bias in the form of microaggressions; (2) women experience imposter syndrome and question their role in the clinical setting; (3) more women provide patient care to women patients and vulnerable populations; (4) gender-related challenges with family planning and home responsibilities affect work-life balance; (5) allyship and sponsorship are important for the support and development of women physicians and trainees; and (6) women value discussing shared experiences with other women to debrief situations, find mentorship, and share advice.ConclusionsGender inequity in emergency medicine affects women-identifying providers at all levels of training across Canada. Described experiences support several avenues to implement change against perceived gender bias that is focused on education, policy, and supportive spaces. We encourage institutions to consider these recommendations to achieve gender-equitable conditions in emergency medicine across Canada. ObjectifsBien que les femmes representent environ la moitie des etudiants et des medecins en medecine au Canada, seulement 31 % des medecins d'urgence qui s'identifient comme des femmes et des femmes stagiaires sont moins susceptibles d'exprimer leur interet pour la medecine d'urgence que les hommes. Les prejuges fondes sur le sexe continuent d'avoir une incidence negative sur le choix de carriere, les progres et le bien-etre des femmes medecins/stagiaires. Bien que les cas de biais fondes sur le sexe soient bien documentes dans d'autres specialites medicales, il reste une lacune dans la documentation traitant du role du sexe propre au milieu clinique de la medecine d'urgence au Canada.MethodesA l'aide d'une etude qualitative avec une approche analytique thematique, les participants ont ete echantillonnes a dessein et en boule de neige dans un echantillon representatif de centres a travers le Canada et comprenaient des medecins urgentistes et des stagiaires. Une analyse thematique utilisant une approche inductive et deductive a ete entreprise. Toutes les donnees ont ete codees en double pour ameliorer la fiabilite de l'etude. Des statistiques descriptives ont ete utilisees pour caracteriser la population etudiee.ResultatsTrente-quatre personnes (17 femmes et 17 hommes) de 10 etablissements differents de quatre provinces canadiennes ont participe a l'etude. Six themes ont ete cernes : (1) les femmes sont victimes de prejuges sexistes sous la forme de microagressions; (2) les femmes sont victimes du syndrome d'imposteur et remettent en question leur role dans le milieu clinique; (3) plus de femmes prodiguent des soins aux patientes et aux populations vulnerables; (4) les defis lies au genre que posent la planification familiale et les responsabilites familiales ont une incidence sur l'equilibre entre le travail et la vie personnelle; (5) l'alliance et le parrainage sont importants pour le soutien et le perfectionnement des femmes medecins et stagiaires; (6) les femmes apprecient de discuter des experiences partagees avec d'autres femmes pour faire le point sur des situations, trouver du mentorat et partager des conseils.ConclusionsL'inegalite entre les sexes en medecine d'urgence touche les fournisseurs de soins qui identifient les femmes a tous les niveaux de formation au Canada. Les experiences decrites appuient plusieurs avenues pour mettre en oe uvre des changements contre les prejuges sexistes percus qui sont axes sur l'education, les politiques et les espaces de soutien. Nous encourageons les etablissements a tenir compte de ces recommandations afin de parvenir a des conditions equitables entre les sexes en medecine d'urgence partout au Canada.
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页码:249 / 258
页数:10
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