Experimental and theoretical partial and integral enthalpies of mixing of liquid quaternary Cu-In-Sn-Zn alloys

In this work, some thermochemical functions such as partial & UDelta;H and integral & UDelta;mixH enthalpies in liquid Cu-In-SnZn system at 500 degrees C. The measurements were realized by dropping pieces of pure copper to molten ternary InxSnyZnz: In0.475Sn0.475Zn0.050 (Section A), In0.450Sn0.405Zn0.100 (Section B), In0.373Sn0.371Zn0.256 (Section C), In0.333Sn0.333Zn0.334 (Section D), In0.100Sn0.800Zn0.100 (Section E), In0.050Sn0.900Zn0.050 (Section F), and In0.900Sn0.050Zn0.050 (Section G). A biphasic domain (solid-liquid) at the experimental temperature has been identified for each of the studied sections. On the other hand, three different extrapolation models, such as Muggianu (as a symmetric model), Hillert (as an asymmetric model), and Chou (as a general solution model), have been applied to predict the enthalpy of mixing in quaternary alloys. The predicted results have been compared to the measured ones. This work constitutes the first experimental thermodynamic study performed on the Cu-In-Sn-Zn quaternary system.