Performance of tungsten plasma facing components in the stellarator experiment W7-X: Recent results from the first OP2 campaign

被引：4

作者：

Naujoks, Dirk ^{[1
]}

Dhard, Chandra-Prakash ^{[1
]}

Feng, Yuhe ^{[1
]}

Gao, Yu ^{[1
]}

Stange, Torsten ^{[1
]}

Buttenschoen, Birger ^{[1
]}

Bozhenkov, Sergey A. ^{[1
]}

Brezinsek, Sebastijan ^{[2
]}

Brunner, Kai Jakob ^{[1
]}

Cseh, Gabor ^{[3
]}

Dinklage, Andreas ^{[1
]}

Ennis, David ^{[4
]}

Fellinger, Joris ^{[1
]}

Flom, Eric ^{[1
]}

Gradic, Dorothea ^{[1
]}

Grigore, Eduard ^{[5
]}

Hartmann, Dirk ^{[1
]}

Henke, Frederik ^{[1
]}

Jakubowski, Marcin ^{[1
]}

Kharwandikar, Amit ^{[1
]}

Khokhlov, Mikhail ^{[1
]}

Knauer, Jens ^{[1
]}

Kocsis, Gabor ^{[3
]}

Kornejew, Petra ^{[1
]}

Krychowiak, Maciej ^{[1
]}

Mayer, Matej ^{[6
]}

McNeely, Paul ^{[1
]}

Medina, Daniel ^{[7
]}

Neu, Rudolf ^{[6
]}

Rahbarnia, Kian ^{[1
]}

Ruset, Cristian ^{[5
]}

Rust, Norbert ^{[1
]}

Scholz, Peter ^{[1
]}

Sieber, Thomas ^{[1
]}

Stepanov, Ivan ^{[1
]}

Tamura, Naoki ^{[8
]}

Wang, Erhui ^{[2
]}

Wegner, Thomas ^{[1
]}

Zhang, Daihong ^{[1
]}

机构：

[1] Max Planck Inst Plasma Phys, Wendelsteinstr 1, D-17491 Greifswald, Germany

[2] Forschungszentrum Julich GmbH, Inst Energie & Klimaforschung, Plasmaphys, D-52425 Julich, Germany

[3] Atom Energy Res Inst, 29-33 Konkoly Thege Miklos Ut, H-1121 Budapest, Hungary

[4] Auburn Univ, Dept Phys, 380 Duncan Dr, Auburn, AL 36849 USA

[5] Natl Inst Laser Plasma & Radiat Phys, POB MG 36, Magurele, Romania

[6] Max Planck Inst Plasma Phys, Boltzmannstr 2, D-85748 Garching, Germany

[7] CIEMAT, Lab Nacl Fus, Ave Complutense 40, Madrid 28040, Spain

[8] Natl Inst Nat Sci, Natl Inst Fus Sci, Toki 5095292, Japan

来源：

NUCLEAR MATERIALS AND ENERGY | 2023年 / 37卷

关键词：

Stellarator W7-X; Plasma facing components; Tungsten materials; DIVERTOR; WALL;

D O I：

10.1016/j.nme.2023.101514

中图分类号：

TL [原子能技术]; O571 [原子核物理学];

学科分类号：

0827 ; 082701 ;

摘要：

The transition to reactor-relevant materials for the plasma facing components (PFCs) is an important and necessary step to provide a proof of principle that the stellarator concept can meet the requirements of a future fusion reactor by demonstrating high performance steady-state operation. As a first step to gain experience with tungsten as plasma-facing material in the Wendelstein 7-X (W7-X) stellarator, graphite tiles coated with an approximately 10 mu m MedC tungsten layer (NILPRP Bucharest) were installed to complete the ECRH beam dump area in two of the five plasma vessel modules over an area of approximately one square meter each. In addition, tungsten baffle tiles are installed (40 tiles in total) with either bulk tungsten as part of NBI shine-through target or with a tungsten heavy alloy (W95-Ni3.5-Cu1.5) to replace the graphite tiles that were previously thermally overloaded. Based on an advanced diffusive field line tracing method and EMC3-Eirene simulations, the overloaded baffle tiles were redesigned by making the tiles thinner (i.e. moving the plasma-facing surface (PFS) away from the hot plasma region) and by reducing the local angle of incidence through toroidal displacement of the watershed. Significant erosion of the tungsten tiles can only be expected if sputtering by impurity ions such as carbon or oxygen ions contributes. However, the resulting central concentration of tungsten and the corresponding radiation losses are expected to be marginal. The expected deposition of carbon on the tungsten surfaces in the baffle regions mitigates further the possible tungsten enrichment in the core plasma. In OP2.1, no adverse effects of the installed tungsten PFCs on the plasma performance were observed during normal plasma operation. With the design changes made in the baffle area, the predicted heat load reductions could be experimentally confirmed.

引用

页数：10

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