High expression of FGFR3 predicts a better prognosis for patients with non-small cell lung cancer in a Chinese population

Background: This study sought to examine the expression and mutation status of fibroblast growth factor receptor 3 (FGFR3) in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) tissues and explore the prognostic potential of FGFR3 in NSCLC. Methods: Immunohistochemistry (IHC) was used to evaluate the FGFR3 protein expression of 116 NSCLC tissues. Sanger sequencing was used to examine the mutation status of exons 7, 10, and 15 in FGFR3. A Kaplan-Meier survival analysis was conducted to evaluate the association between the expression level of FGFR3 and the overall survival (OS) and disease-free survival (DFS) of NSCLC patients. Univariate and multivariate Cox analyses were conducted to examine the association between the risk score and clinical features. Results: FGFR3 was immunoreactive in 26 of the 86 NSCLC cases. Further, FGFR3 was positively expressed in 84.6% of the lung adenocarcinoma (AC) cases and 15.4% of the lung squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) cases. FGFR3 mutations were detected in 2 NSCLC patients ( 2/72, 2.8%), who both harbored the T450M mutation, a novel mutation in exon 10 of FGFR3. In NSCLC, a high expression of FGFR3 was positively correlated with gender, smoking, histology type, T stage, and the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) mutation (P<0.05). FGFR3 expression was also correlated with better OS and DFS. The multivariate analysis revealed that FGFR3 served as an independent prognostic factor (P=0.024) for the OS of NSCLC patients. Conclusions: This study showed that FGFR3 was highly expressed in NSCLC tissues, and the frequency rate for the FGFR3 mutation at T450 M in NSCLC tissues was low. The survival analysis suggested that FGFR3 may be a useful prognostic biomarker in NSCLC.