A novel impedance based fault locator algorithm for transmission line

Accurate fault location reduces the time and cost of an outage. Intelligent Electronic Devices (IEDs) commonly use impedance-based fault location techniques because they are simple and adaptable. This paper presents a novel single-ended impedance-based fault location algorithm. The proposed numerical method calculates the remote end source voltage during the fault in the transmission line. PSCAD/EMTDC-based test system model was developed to simulate the power system faults. The proposed methodology was put into practice using the MATLAB program. The algorithm has been tested on real-time fault data files COMTRADE (Common format for Transient Data Exchnge for Power Systems) taken from IEDs. Several complex tests were performed for singlecircuit/parallel transmission lines to validate the proposed algorithm. The proposed single-ended impedancebased fault location numerical scheme offers higher fault location accuracy, and fault location accuracy is insensitive to fault resistance, load conditions, measurement errors, capacitive current, and decaying DC components.