Variation in pediatric and adolescent electronic health data sharing practices under the 21st Century Cures Act

Objective To describe real-world practices and variation in implementation of the Information Blocking provisions amongst healthcare organizations caring for pediatric patients.Materials and methods An online survey regarding implementation practices was distributed to representatives from 10 participating US healthcare organizations located in 6 different states. The survey was followed by structured interviews conducted through video conference. Information was gathered about implementation practices at each organization, with a focus on patient and proxy portal access to, and segmentation capabilities of, certain data classes listed in the United States Core Data for Interoperability Version 1.Results All organizations had implemented the information blocking provisions at their institution. All organizations utilized different portal account types for proxies and users. All organizations reported the capability of sharing labs, medications, problem lists, imaging, and notes with the parent/guardian of the non-adolescent minor user with differences in how sensitive elements within the data classes were protected. Variability existed in how data was shared with the remaining user types.Discussion Significant variability exists in how organizations have implemented the information blocking rules. Variation in data sharing and data access between institutions can result in privacy breaches and create confusion about completeness of data for patients and families.Conclusion Healthcare organizations have utilized varying strategies to comply with the information blocking provisions of the 21st Century Cures Act. Increased clarity from the Office of the National Coordinator for Health Information Technology on minor, adolescent, and caregiver privacy and improved segmentation capabilities from Electronic Health Record vendors is needed.