Complementary Functions of Vanadium in Boosting Electrocatalytic Activity of CuCoNiFeMn High-Entropy Alloy for Water Splitting

High entropy alloys (HEAs) composed of multi-metal elements in a single crystal structure are attractive for electrocatalysis. However, identifying the complementary functions of each element in HEAs is a prerequisite. Thus, VxCuCoNiFeMn (x = 0, 0.5, and 1.0) HEAs are investigated to identify the active role of vanadium in improving the electrocatalytic activity for the hydrogen evolution reaction (HER). Structural studies show the successful incorporation of V in the HEA. V1.0CuCoNiFeMn (V-1.0-HEA) shows an overpotential of 250 mV versus the reversible hydrogen electrode (at -50 mA cm(-2), 1 m KOH), which is approximate to 170 mV lower than that of control-HEA (422 mV). Improves electrical conductivity and the electrochemical surface area of the V-1.0-HEA accelerated HER activity. Furthermore, density functional theory calculations reveal reduced water dissociation and hydrogen adsorption energies of V-1.0-HEA, resulting in the boosted HER kinetics. The effect of V incorporation on the barrier height and active sites at the surface of V-1.0-HEA is schematically explained. This study can be facilitated for the development of highly active HEAs for large-scale electrochemical water splitting.