REMEDIATION OF SOIL DISTURBED BY OPEN-PIT MINING WITH THE HELP OF BIO-COAL

Soils in mining areas are severely disturbed and subject to four types of degradation: chemical, physical, biological, and environmental. Analysis of the soil sample showed that such agrochemical indicators of soddy-podzolic soil as pH, mass fraction of organic matter, sodium aluminum changed compared to the optimal parameters. A method of restoring the quality of the soil is proposed - the introduction of biochar. Numerous studies have proven the good efficacy of beneficial effects. It increases the content of organic matter in the soil, restores the soil microclimate, structure, and general mineralization. An experiment on the introduction of biochar into soil disturbed by open-pit mining showed that its introduction contributed to an increase in carbon, nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, and a decrease in pH. In conclusion, the problem of the high cost of using biochar on a large scale is noted. In the study region, in the future, it should be resolved, since a project has already been implemented in the Tula region for the construction of a new plant for the production of biochar from waste wood residues. Thus, future research should focus on the long-term use of biochar and further analysis of physico-chemical parameters, monitoring of ecosystems as a whole.