Health staff are more exposed to work risks; namely, stress and burnout. Burnout or Professional Exhaustion syndrome is due to exposure to permanent and prolonged stress. THE GOAL OF THE RESEARCH: The ultimate goal of this piece of work is to study the work risk factors and to analyze the relationships that exist between psychological demand, decision latitude, social support and burnout inside a hospital. METHODS: 270 health professionals are included in this study; they are working at Ibn Sina Hospital in Rabat / Morocco. A questionnaire was forwarded to all staff, it includes: socio-demographic and professional data; Karasek scale with its three components: Psychological Demand (DP), Decision Latitude (LD) and Social Support (SS). These three dimensions make it possible to identify risky situations. According to Karasek, it is the combination of these dimensions that promotes exposure to burnout reactions; Maslach Burnout Inventory (MBI) scale made up of three dimensions (Emotional Exhaustion, Depersonalization and feeling of low personal accomplishment at work) divided into three levels (low, intermediate, and high). RESULTS: In all, 270 people participated at the study. The average age is 38 +/- 4 years old; 57% are female and 43% are male. The targeted population of our study is: 41% of cases are in job -strain; whereas, 83% of cases are in a state of burnout. The prevalence of work stress risk factors is 71.48% for high psychological demand, 45.55% for low decision latitude and 60.74% for low social support. 53.30% had a high emotional exhaustion score, 42.40% a high depersonalization score and 17.80% a low personal accomplishment score. The study of work risk factors shows that the high psychological demand is significantly associated with age (p = 0.00), sex (p = 0.02) and with seniority at work (p = 0.00). As for burnout, it was correlated with seniority at work (p = 0.02)), work schedule/ hours of work system (p = 0.04) and means of transportation used (p < 0.001). However, psychological demand was positively correlated with emotional exhaustion (r = 0.41) and, also, with the relationship depersonalization (r = 0.26). Decision latitude was found to be negatively correlated with emotional exhaustion (r= -0.23). However, social support is negatively correlated with exhaustion (r= -0.25) and with depersonalization (r= -0.12). CONCLUSION: This study has made it possible to evoke the role of certain factors in the genesis of a situation of work burnout which constitutes the starting point of deterioration of mental health. This justifies the development of a preventive strategy.
