Enhanced comprehensive energy storage properties in NaNbO3-based relaxor antiferroelectric via MnO2 modification

The MnO2 is generally used as a sintering aid to improve sintering quality and breakdown electric field of ceramic capacitors, however, few studies were conducted to provide a guidance for the appropriate amount of MnO2 additive that should be added. In this work, various contents of MnO2 were added into 0.84NaNbO(3)-0.16CaTiO(3) to systematically study its effect. The phase structure, dielectric behavior, microstructure, and so forth demonstrate that an appropriate MnO2 additive can stabilize antiferroelectric phase, optimize microstructure, and increase breakdown electric field. The 1.5 mol% MnO2 doped sample exhibits excellent comprehensive energy storage performance with an ultrahigh recoverable energy storage density of 5.8 J/cm(3), good efficiency of 81%, splendid frequency and temperature stabilities, and outstanding charge-discharge properties. This work provides a promising energy storage material and a design concept based on MnO2 modification, which will contribute to the development and application of NN-based dielectric materials.