A Two-Layer Optimization Strategy for Battery Energy Storage Systems to Achieve Primary Frequency Regulation of Power Grid

A two-layer optimization strategy for the battery energy storage system is proposed to realize primary frequency regulation of the grid in order to address the frequency fluctuation problem caused by the power dynamic imbalance between the power system and load when a large number of new energy sources are connected to the grid. An integrated control mode combining virtual sag control and virtual inertia control is proposed in the adaptive regulation layer to provide fast frequency support for the grid while effectively reducing steady-state frequency difference fluctuation. The equal consumption micro-increment criterion is used in the equalization control layer to distribute the energy output of each group while maintaining a good battery charge level. The results of the final simulation in Matlab/Simulink show that the proposed control strategy can effectively improve the system's primary frequency regulation performance.