The effect of hydatid cyst protoscolex somatic antigens on full-thickness skin wound healing in mouse

Background: Wound healing has evolved in recent years, resulting in diverse therapeutic options. Objective: This study evaluated the effects of the somatic antigen of the hydatid cyst protoscolex on wound healing in mice with full-thickness skin wounds. Methods: Fifty-four adult mice, weighing 25 +/- 5 g and approximately 60 days old, were divided into three groups (A, B, and C), each further divided into three subgroups. Subgroups A1, A2, and A3 were assigned negative controls. B1, B2, and B3 received hydatid cyst somatic antigen tests at 10 mu g/SC, whereas C1, C2, and C3 received somatic antigen tests at 20 mu g/SC. Under general anesthesia, a wound biopsy puncture of 9.8 mm in diameter was performed on the mice's back and spine. In the experimental group, antigen and alum adjuvant were administered subcutaneously around the wound, while the control group received Phosphate-Buffered Saline (PBS). Using digital images, a geometric assessment was conducted on days 0, 1, 3, 6, 9, 12, 15, 18, and 21 post-wounding. The obtained images were analyzed by Image J software and after analyzing the data by SPSS software. Results: A significant difference in terms of epithelization was observed in the antigen treatment group with a dose of 20 mu g on days 3 and 6 (P < 0.05). Furthermore, the 20 mu g antigen group was significantly higher than the 10 mu g antigen group in terms of this factor on day 3 (P < 0.05). Skin samples were taken from all wounds on days 3, 10 and 21 for microscopic evaluation. Regarding epithelization, on day 10, a significant difference was observed in the treatment group with a concentration of 10 mu g with the control group and the treatment group with a concentration of 20 mu g (P < 0.05). Conclusion: Based on the results of the present study, it can be concluded that somatic antigens of protoscolex hydatid cyst are dose-dependent and antigens with a dose of 20 mu g by subcutaneous injection accelerate wound healing and epithelialization.