Recent Progress in Synthesis of Sulfonamides and N-Acylsulfonamides, Biological Applications and Their Structure-Activity Relationship (SAR) Studies

In recent years, sulfonamide and N-acylsulfonamide have emerged as prominent areas of scientific research across multiple fields, including chemistry, biology, and medicine. The large number of drugs and lead compounds reported in recent literature evidences the growing interest in these derivatives. Chemists are increasingly intrigued by these molecules owing to their seemingly limitless potential to serve as preferred molecules for numerous applications. Consequently, powerful activities are needed to think of new efficacious therapeutic agents, and it is imperative to discover novel synthetic analogs towards bacterial targets. Advancements in medicinal chemistry have focused on the development of novel sulfonamide and NAS-bearing analogs that are less harmful, exhibit minimum side-effort and enhanced dynamic properties. These advanced research areas are currently at the forefront of scientific inquiry. This present review elucidates the contemporary advancements in sulfonamide and N-acylsulfonamide derivatives, which exhibit diverse and promising pharmacological activities. The different aspects of structure-activity relationship (SAR) were discussed.