The Role of Preoperative Case Selection in the Training of Surgical Repair of Primary Rhegmatogenous Retinal Detachment

Purpose: To analyse single-operation anatomical success (SOAS) of primary rhegmatogenous retinal detachment (RRD) repair by junior vitreoretinal surgeons guided by preoperative individual case selection by an experienced mentor vitreoretinal surgeon. Methods: Retrospective, single institute, observational study, included all patients who underwent standard pars plana vitrectomy (PPV) or combined encircling band (CB) and PPV and gas tamponade in the treatment of RRD from November 2021 to December 2022 were included. Preoperative selection for the surgery decision, whether standard PPV or combined CB & PPV was undertaken through the senior surgeon; according to the location and extensions of the RRD, number of retinal tears (RT) and lens status. We excluded patients with tractional retinal detachment, RD with proliferative vitreoretinopathy stage C, giant tears, trauma, previous scleral buckle, schisis RD and RD requiring silicone oil. The primary outcome measure was to evaluate the single-operation anatomic success (SOAS). Secondary outcome measures evaluated whether there was a statistical significant difference between both procedures. Results: Eighty-two eyes were included in the study. Forty-five eyes were selected for combined CB&PPV and 37 eyes for standard PPV. SOAS was achieved in 40 eyes (88.8%) in combined group and 35 eyes (94.5%) in standard PPV group. There was no statistically significant difference in the success rate between both operations, p = 0.65. Conclusion: Structured preoperative selection of standardized surgical techniques according to the degree of complexity of RD together with close supervision enables junior vitreoretinal surgeons in training to achieve re-attachment rates of more than 80% with both types of surgeries.