Experimental study on an isolated oscillating water column wave energy converting device in oblique waves

The oscillating water column is the most widely used wave energy conversion technology for long-term operations, which has the potential to play a critical role in massive applications of wave energy. In this study, an isolated OWC model employing a generic cubic air chamber and an impulse turbine model was tested in a wave tank using regular and irregular wave scenarios. The wave distribution characteristics surrounding the isolated OWC model in oblique waves with various incident angles and other testing conditions were reported. As the incident waves were forward, the symmetrical wave-height distributions could be observed with enhancement and reduction zones in front of the skirt wall and in the sheltered area of the model. Furthermore, the wave distributions were asymmetrical and more complicated in oblique waves. In addition, the effects of the incident wave angle, height, period, and rotation speed of the turbine model on the staged and overall energy-harvesting performances were analyzed. The OWC model obtained the peak energy-harvesting performance, which reduced as the incident angle decreased. As the incident angle decreased to 60 degrees and zero, the overall capture width ratio reduced to approximately two-thirds and a quarter of the value for the incident angle of 90 degrees. Based on experimental results, the annual energy production of a prototype isolated OWC plant in a typical sea state in North China was predicted. The annual energy production of the plant in the actual sea condition was approximately two-thirds of that only in the forward wave incidence.