Hepatitis C cure and medications for opioid use disorder improve health-related quality of life in patients with opioid use disorder actively engaged in substance use

Background: This study aims to determine whether Hepatitis C (HCV) treatment improves health-related quality of life (HRQL) in patients with opioid use disorder (OUD) actively engaged in substance use, and which variables are associated with improving HRQL in patients with OUD during HCV treatment. Methods: Data are from a prospective, open-label, observational study of 198 patients with OUD or opioid misuse within 1 year of study enrollment who received HCV treatment with the primary endpoint of Sustained Virologic Response (SVR). HRQL was assessed using the Hepatitis C Virus Patient Reported Outcomes (HCV-PRO) survey, with higher scores denoting better HRQL. HCV-PRO surveys were conducted at Day 0, Week 12, and Week 24. A mixed-effects model investigated which variables were associated with changing HCV-PRO scores from Day 0 to Week 24. Results: Patients had a median age of 57 and were predominantly male (68.2%) and Black (83.3%). Most reported daily-or-more drug use (58.6%) and injection drug use (IDU) (75.8%). Mean HCV-PRO scores at Day 0 and Week 24 were 64.0 and 72.9, respectively. HCV-PRO scores at Week 24 improved compared with scores at Day 0 (8.7; p < 0.001). Achieving SVR (10.4; p < 0.001) and receiving medications for OUD (MOUD) at Week 24 (9.5; p < 0.001) were associated with improving HCV-PRO scores. HCV-PRO scores increased at Week 24 for patients who experienced no decline in IDU frequency (8.1; p < 0.001) or had a UDS positive for opioids (8.0; p < 0.001) or cocaine (7.5; p = 0.003) at Week 24. Conclusion: Patients with OUD actively engaged in substance use experience improvement in HRQL from HCV cure unaffected by ongoing substance use. Interventions to promote HCV cure and MOUD engagement could improve HRQL for patients with OUD.