Rainwater Harvesting and Treatment: State of the Art and Perspectives

被引：37
作者：
Raimondi, Anita [1 ]
Quinn, Ruth [2 ]
Abhijith, Gopinathan R. [3 ]
Becciu, Gianfranco [1 ]
Ostfeld, Avi [4 ]
机构：
[1] Politecn Milan, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, I-20133 Milan, Italy
[2] Atlantic Technol Univ Sligo, Dept Civil Engn & Construct Studies, Sligo F91YW50, Ireland
[3] BITS Pilani Hyderabad Campus, Dept Civil Engn, Hyderabad 500078, India
[4] Technion Israel Inst Technol, Fac Civil & Environm Engn, IL-32000 Haifa, Israel
来源：
WATER | 2023年 / 15卷 / 08期
关键词：
rainwater harvesting; climate change; rainwater harvesting systems; rainwater treatment; low impact development; sustainable urban drainage systems; water supply; rainwater reuse; mitigation; management; DRINKING-WATER TREATMENT; CLIMATE-CHANGE IMPACTS; LIFE-CYCLE ASSESSMENT; PROBABILISTIC DESIGN; MICROBIOLOGICAL EFFECTIVENESS; DEVELOPING-COUNTRIES; ROOF RUNOFF; SYSTEMS; COST; MANAGEMENT;
D O I：
10.3390/w15081518
中图分类号：
X [环境科学、安全科学];
学科分类号：
08 ; 0830 ;
摘要：
Rainwater harvesting is an ancient practice currently used for flood and drought risk mitigation. It is a well-known solution with different levels of advanced technology associated with it. This study is aimed at reviewing the state of the art with regards to rainwater harvesting, treatment, and management. It focuses on the environmental and social benefits of rainwater harvesting and links them to the Sustainable Development Goals. The review identifies characteristics of laws and regulations that encourage this practice and their current limitations. It presents methodologies to design a rainwater harvesting system, describes the influence of design variables, and the impact of temporal and spatial scales on the system's performance. The manuscript also analyzes the most advanced technologies for rainwater treatment, providing insights into various processes by discussing diverse physiochemical and biological technology options that are in the early stages of development. Finally, it introduces trends and perspectives which serve to increase rainwater harvesting, water reuse, and effective management.
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页数：21
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