Estimation of the thermal properties of MgO-SiO2/water hybrid nanofluid and development of novel thermo-economically viable model for heat transfer applications

A hybrid nanofluid (HYNF) is an excellent working medium for improved heat transfer performance. To investigate the convective heat transfer performance of an HYNF of various particle mixing ratios (MR), at first samples of MgO-SiO2/water HYNF are prepared by varying the MR of MgO to SiO2 as 0:100, 40:60, 50:50, 60:40, and 100:0 at 0.05 mass % of concentration; then convective heat transfer characteristics are determined experimentally by exposing different mass flows of HYNF from 0.03-0.27 kg/s to a constant heat flux of 5630 W/m(2). The results describe that the variation in MR strongly influences the Nusselt number (Nu) of HYNF. The maximum Nu, which is 1.94 times (similar to 94.50%) higher than the same with base fluid, is obtained at MR of 60:40 and the mass flow rate of 0.13 kg/s. The variation of MR does not affect the friction factor of HYNF and it is nearly comparable to that of the base fluid. Further, a new concept has been proposed to determine the thermo-economic feasibility of HYNF in heat transfer applications. It was recommended to maintain the MR at 60:40 and 0.13 kg/s mass flow rate for optimum thermo-economic performance.