The exclusive countryside post-pandemic

The processes through which the British countryside has become increasingly socially exclusive have been a theme of rural scholars' research since the 1970s, and these social changes are reflected in experiences of the pandemic. This paper begins by observing the central importance of power relations, and then discusses the pivotal role of housing as a motor of rural social change and exclusivity. Notwithstanding these processes, and indeed largely because of these asymmetric power relations, rural poverty remains. This paper summarises experiences of social exclusion in rural areas during the pandemic and reflects on the social redistribution of risk and the need to rebuild social protection in a continuing 'permacrisis'. The emergence of the concept of the permacrisis indicates a recognition that the Covid-19 pandemic is only one of a series of continuing or recurring challenges or potential 'shocks' that we face, and this paper concludes by suggesting a research agenda for rural scholars as well as a potential rural policy agenda.