Elucidating the impact of ultrasonic treatment on bituminous oil properties: A comprehensive study of viscosity modification

As global energy needs rise and traditional oil production wanes, heavy and viscous oils are becoming increasingly important. This study explores the use of ultrasonic technology to reduce oil viscosity. We investigated the relationship between ultrasonic exposure duration and changes in bituminous oil composition, using chromatography-mass spectrometry to analyze chemical alterations in oil samples pre and post-ultrasonic treatment. Viscosity changes at varied temperatures and shear rates were measured using a vibration viscometer and a rheometer. Our results showed that the viscosity reduction ratio (VRR) peaked at over 30% after 3 min of ultrasonic exposure. However, some processing methods and oil compositions led to increased viscosity. Posttreatment, lighter oil components were more prevalent, suggesting that ultrasonic exposure disrupts long carbon chains, reducing viscosity. Conversely, viscosity increases may result from molecular reconnection within bituminous oil. This research provides insights into a novel method for reducing heavy oil viscosity using ultrasonic technology, broadening our understanding of its applications in energy science and highlighting its potential to revolutionize heavy oil utilization.