Organisational BIM maturity models and their applications: a systematic literature review

In the recent decade, there has been a significant increase in the number of maturity models offered in Building Information Modelling (BIM). However, several problems exist, such as no proper criteria for model choice for organisations and no adequate understanding of BIM maturity model (BIMMM) application areas. Thus, a systematic literature review (SLR) was undertaken using 32 papers published between 2010 and 2021, directed with a descriptive and content analysis, following the PRISMA standards. The results of this paper extend the knowledge on BIMMM development, application and validation. BIMMM development has always been initiated with a literature review on existing maturity models. National BIM Standard's Interactive Capability Maturity Model is the most dominant base for developing and applying BIMMMs. However, the literature lacks applications and validation of mainstream models. The application of BIMMMs is mainly focused on assessing BIM performance, while a few studies tried to explore new avenues such as applying BIMMMs to other contexts, finding the relationship between maturity level and other factors, and understanding the impact of BIM maturity level on factors like project performance. Despite interviews and case studies being popular methods of model validation, doubts on the validity of the models have been raised due to the dearth of information on how most of the models were validated. The results of the study lead future research in the BIMMMs and inform the development and application of valid BIMMMs in practice.