Coupling of Cortical Hyperintense Signals and Increased Glucose Metabolism in a Case of Anti-GABAA Receptor Antibody-associated Encephalitis

We herein report a case of anti-gamma aminobutyric acid type A receptor antibody-associated encephalitis (anti-GABAA-RE) with progressive aphasia and generalized tonicclonic seizures. Cerebral magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) showed cortical brain lesions coupled with hypermetabolism on fluorodeoxyglucose-positron emission tomography. After two courses of methylprednisolone pulse therapy, improvements in neu-rological symptoms without sequelae and the total disappearance of MRI lesions were observed. Upon en-countering patients with refractory status epilepticus, multifocal cerebral MRI lesions, and suspected autoim-mune encephalitis, especially in cases with thymoma, it would be prudent to suspect anti-GABAA-RE and consider the evaluation of anti-GABAA receptor antibody and methylprednisolone pulse therapy.