Outcome of lung transplantation for adults with interstitial lung disease associated with genetic disorders of the surfactant system

Background Interstitial lung disease associated with genetic disorders of the surfactant system is a rare entity in adults that can lead to lung transplantation. Our objective was to describe the outcome of these patients after lung transplantation. Methods We conducted a retrospective, multicentre study, on adults who underwent lung transplantation for such disease in the French lung transplant centres network, from 1997 to 2018. Results 20 patients carrying mutations in SFTP Lambda 1 (n=5), SFTP Lambda 2 (n=7) or SFTPC (n=8) were included. Median interquartile range (IQR) age at diagnosis was 45 (40-48) years, and median (IQR) age at lung transplantation was 51 (45-54) years. Median overall survival after transplantation was 8.6 years. Two patients had a pre-transplant history of lung cancer, and two developed post-transplant lung cancer. Female gender and a body mass index <25 kg center dot m(-2) were significantly associated with a better prognosis, whereas transplantation in high emergency was associated with a worst prognosis. Conclusions Lung transplantation in adults with interstitial lung disease associated with genetic disorders of surfactant system may be a valid therapeutic option. Our data suggest that these patients may have a good prognosis. Immunosuppressive protocol was not changed for these patients, and close lung cancer screening is needed before and after transplantation.