An Upper Limit on the Charge of the Black Hole Sgr A* from EHT Observations

被引：50

作者：

Ghosh, Sushant G. ^{[1
,2
]}

Afrin, Misba ^{[1
]}

机构：

[1] Jamia Millia Islamia, Ctr Theoret Phys, New Delhi 110025, India

[2] Univ KwaZulu Natal, Sch Math Stat & Comp Sci, Astrophys & Cosmol Res Unit, Private Bag 54001, ZA-4000 Durban, South Africa

来源：

ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL | 2023年 / 944卷 / 02期

关键词：

ROTATING REGULAR METRICS; TELESCOPE RESULTS. VI; PARAMETER-ESTIMATION; SHADOW; MASS; I;

D O I：

10.3847/1538-4357/acb695

中图分类号：

P1 [天文学];

学科分类号：

0704 ;

摘要：

The Event Horizon Telescope (EHT) recently released an image of the supermassive black hole Sgr A* showing an angular shadow diameter d(sh) = 48.7 +/- 7 pas and Schwarzschild shadow deviation delta = -0.08 (+0.09) (- 0.09)(VLTI) , -0.04(- 0.10) (+ 0.09) (Keck) using a black hole mass M = 4.0(-0.6)(+1.1)*10(6) M-?. The EHT image of Sgr A* is consistent with a Kerr black hole's expected appearance, and the results directly prove the existence of a supermassive black hole at the center of the Milky Way. Here, we use the EHT observational results for Sgr A* to investigate the constraints on its charge with the aid of Kerr-like black holes, paying attention to three leading rotating models, namely Kerr- Newman, Horndeski, and hairy black holes. Modeling the supermassive black hole Sgr A* as these Kerr-like black holes, we observe that the EHT results for Sgr A* place stricter upper limits on the parameter space of Kerr- Newman and Horndeski black holes than those placed by the EHT results for M87*. A systematic bias analysis reveals that observational results from future EHT experiments will place more precise limits on the charge of the black hole Sgr A*. Thus, the Kerr-like black holes and Kerr black holes are indiscernible in a substantial region of the EHT-constrained parameter space; the claim is substantiated by our bias analysis.

引用

页数：9

共 63 条

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Abuter, R. ;

Aimar, N. ;

Amorim, A. ;

Ball, J. ;

Bauboeck, M. ;

Berger, J. P. ;

Bonnet, H. ;

Bourdarot, G. ;

Brandner, W. ;

Cardoso, V ;

Clenet, Y. ;

Dallilar, Y. ;

Davies, R. ;

de Zeeuw, P. T. ;

Dexter, J. ;

Drescher, A. ;

Eisenhauer, F. ;

Schreiber, N. M. Foerster ;

Foschi, A. ;

Garcia, P. ;

Gao, F. ;

Gendron, E. ;

Genzel, R. ;

Gillessen, S. ;

Habibi, M. ;

Haubois, X. ;

Heissel, G. ;

Henning, T. ;

Hippler, S. ;

Horrobin, M. ;

Jochum, L. ;

Jocou, L. ;

Kaufer, A. ;

Kervella, P. ;

Lacour, S. ;

Lapeyrere, V ;

Le Bouquin, J-B ;

Lena, P. ;

Lutz, D. ;

Ott, T. ;

Paumard, T. ;

Perraut, K. ;

Perrin, G. ;

Pfuhl, O. ;

Rabien, S. ;

Shangguan, J. ;

Shimizu, T. ;

Scheithauer, S. ;

Stadler, J. ;

Stephens, A. W. .

ASTRONOMY & ASTROPHYSICS, 2022, 657

[2]

Afrin M, 2022, Arxiv, DOI arXiv:2209.12584

[3] Testing Horndeski Gravity from EHT Observational Results for Rotating Black Holes [J].

Afrin, Misba ;

Ghosh, Sushant G. .

ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL, 2022, 932 (01)

[4] Estimating the Cosmological Constant from Shadows of Kerr-de Sitter Black Holes [J].

Afrin, Misba ;

Ghosh, Sushant G. .

UNIVERSE, 2022, 8 (01)

[5] Parameter estimation of hairy Kerr black holes from its shadow and constraints from M87 [J].

Afrin, Misba ;

Kumar, Rahul ;

Ghosh, Sushant G. .

MONTHLY NOTICES OF THE ROYAL ASTRONOMICAL SOCIETY, 2021, 504 (04) :5927-5940

[6] First Sagittarius A* Event Horizon Telescope Results. I. The Shadow of the Supermassive Black Hole in the Center of the Milky Way [J].

Akiyama, Kazunori ;

Alberdi, Antxon ;

Alef, Walter ;

Algaba, Juan Carlos ;

Anantua, Richard ;

Asada, Keiichi ;

Azulay, Rebecca ;

Bach, Uwe ;

Baczko, Anne-Kathrin ;

Ball, David ;

Balokovic, Mislav ;

Barrett, John ;

Baubock, Michi ;

Benson, Bradford A. ;

Bintley, Dan ;

Blackburn, Lindy ;

Blundell, Raymond ;

Bouman, Katherine L. ;

Bower, Geoffrey C. ;

Boyce, Hope ;

Bremer, Michael ;

Brinkerink, Christiaan D. ;

Brissenden, Roger ;

Britzen, Silke ;

Broderick, Avery E. ;

Broguiere, Dominique ;

Bronzwaer, Thomas ;

Bustamante, Sandra ;

Byun, Do-Young ;

Carlstrom, John E. ;

Ceccobello, Chiara ;

Chael, Andrew ;

Chan, Chi-kwan ;

Chatterjee, Koushik ;

Chatterjee, Shami ;

Chen, Ming-Tang ;

Chen, Yongjun ;

Cheng, Xiaopeng ;

Cho, Ilje ;

Christian, Pierre ;

Conroy, Nicholas S. ;

Conway, John E. ;

Cordes, James M. ;

Crawford, Thomas M. ;

Crew, Geoffrey B. ;

Cruz-Osorio, Alejandro ;

Cui, Yuzhu ;

Davelaar, Jordy ;

De Laurentis, Mariafelicia ;

Deane, Roger .

ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LETTERS, 2022, 930 (02)

[7] First Sagittarius A* Event Horizon Telescope Results. IV. Variability, Morphology, and Black Hole Mass [J].

Akiyama, Kazunori ;

Alberdi, Antxon ;

Alef, Walter ;

Algaba, Juan Carlos ;

Anantua, Richard ;

Asada, Keiichi ;

Azulay, Rebecca ;

Bach, Uwe ;

Baczko, Anne-Kathrin ;

Ball, David ;

Balokovic, Mislav ;

Barrett, John ;

Baubock, Michi ;

Benson, Bradford A. ;

Bintley, Dan ;

Blackburn, Lindy ;

Blundell, Raymond ;

Bouman, Katherine L. ;

Bower, Geoffrey C. ;

Boyce, Hope ;

Bremer, Michael ;

Brinkerink, Christiaan D. ;

Brissenden, Roger ;

Britzen, Silke ;

Broderick, Avery E. ;

Broguiere, Dominique ;

Bronzwaer, Thomas ;

Bustamante, Sandra ;

Byun, Do-Young ;

Carlstrom, John E. ;

Ceccobello, Chiara ;

Chael, Andrew ;

Chan, Chi-kwan ;

Chatterjee, Koushik ;

Chatterjee, Shami ;

Chen, Ming-Tang ;

Chen, Yongjun ;

Cheng, Xiaopeng ;

Cho, Ilje ;

Christian, Pierre ;

Conroy, Nicholas S. ;

Conway, John E. ;

Cordes, James M. ;

Crawford, Thomas M. ;

Crew, Geoffrey B. ;

Cruz-Osorio, Alejandro ;

Cui, Yuzhu ;

Davelaar, Jordy ;

De Laurentis, Mariafelicia ;

Deane, Roger .

ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LETTERS, 2022, 930 (02)

[8] First Sagittarius A* Event Horizon Telescope Results. V. Testing Astrophysical Models of the Galactic Center Black Hole [J].

Akiyama, Kazunori ;

Alberdi, Antxon ;

Alef, Walter ;

Algaba, Juan Carlos ;

Anantua, Richard ;

Asada, Keiichi ;

Azulay, Rebecca ;

Bach, Uwe ;

Baczko, Anne-Kathrin ;

Ball, David ;

Balokovic, Mislav ;

Barrett, John ;

Baubock, Michi ;

Benson, Bradford A. ;

Bintley, Dan ;

Blackburn, Lindy ;

Blundell, Raymond ;

Bouman, Katherine L. ;

Bower, Geoffrey C. ;

Boyce, Hope ;

Bremer, Michael ;

Brinkerink, Christiaan D. ;

Brissenden, Roger ;

Britzen, Silke ;

Broderick, Avery E. ;

Broguiere, Dominique ;

Bronzwaer, Thomas ;

Bustamante, Sandra ;

Byun, Do-Young ;

Carlstrom, John E. ;

Ceccobello, Chiara ;

Chael, Andrew ;

Chan, Chi-kwan ;

Chatterjee, Koushik ;

Chatterjee, Shami ;

Chen, Ming-Tang ;

Chen, Yongjun ;

Cheng, Xiaopeng ;

Cho, Ilje ;

Christian, Pierre ;

Conroy, Nicholas S. ;

Conway, John E. ;

Cordes, James M. ;

Crawford, Thomas M. ;

Crew, Geoffrey B. ;

Cruz-Osorio, Alejandro ;

Cui, Yuzhu ;

Davelaar, Jordy ;

De Laurentis, Mariafelicia ;

Deane, Roger .

ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LETTERS, 2022, 930 (02)

[9] First Sagittarius A* Event Horizon Telescope Results. II. EHT and Multiwavelength Observations, Data Processing, and Calibration [J].

Akiyama, Kazunori ;

Alberdi, Antxon ;

Alef, Walter ;

Algaba, Juan Carlos ;

Anantua, Richard ;

Asada, Keiichi ;

Azulay, Rebecca ;

Bach, Uwe ;

Baczko, Anne-Kathrin ;

Ball, David ;

Balokovic, Mislav ;

Barrett, John ;

Baubock, Michi ;

Benson, Bradford A. ;

Bintley, Dan ;

Blackburn, Lindy ;

Blundell, Raymond ;

Bouman, Katherine L. ;

Bower, Geoffrey C. ;

Boyce, Hope ;

Bremer, Michael ;

Brinkerink, Christiaan D. ;

Brissenden, Roger ;

Britzen, Silke ;

Broderick, Avery E. ;

Broguiere, Dominique ;

Bronzwaer, Thomas ;

Bustamante, Sandra ;

Byun, Do-Young ;

Carlstrom, John E. ;

Ceccobello, Chiara ;

Chael, Andrew ;

Chan, Chi-kwan ;

Chatterjee, Koushik ;

Chatterjee, Shami ;

Chen, Ming-Tang ;

Chen, Yongjun ;

Cheng, Xiaopeng ;

Cho, Ilje ;

Christian, Pierre ;

Conroy, Nicholas S. ;

Conway, John E. ;

Cordes, James M. ;

Crawford, Thomas M. ;

Crew, Geoffrey B. ;

Cruz-Osorio, Alejandro ;

Cui, Yuzhu ;

Davelaar, Jordy ;

De Laurentis, Mariafelicia ;

Deane, Roger .

ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LETTERS, 2022, 930 (02)

[10] First Sagittarius A* Event Horizon Telescope Results. VI. Testing the Black Hole Metric [J].

Akiyama, Kazunori ;

Alberdi, Antxon ;

Alef, Walter ;

Algaba, Juan Carlos ;

Anantua, Richard ;

Asada, Keiichi ;

Azulay, Rebecca ;

Bach, Uwe ;

Baczko, Anne-Kathrin ;

Ball, David ;

Balokovic, Mislav ;

Barrett, John ;

Baubock, Michi ;

Benson, Bradford A. ;

Bintley, Dan ;

Blackburn, Lindy ;

Blundell, Raymond ;

Bouman, Katherine L. ;

Bower, Geoffrey C. ;

Boyce, Hope ;

Bremer, Michael ;

Brinkerink, Christiaan D. ;

Brissenden, Roger ;

Britzen, Silke ;

Broderick, Avery E. ;

Broguiere, Dominique ;

Bronzwaer, Thomas ;

Bustamante, Sandra ;

Byun, Do-Young ;

Carlstrom, John E. ;

Ceccobello, Chiara ;

Chael, Andrew ;

Chan, Chi-kwan ;

Chatterjee, Koushik ;

Chatterjee, Shami ;

Chen, Ming-Tang ;

Chen, Yongjun ;

Cheng, Xiaopeng ;

Cho, Ilje ;

Christian, Pierre ;

Conroy, Nicholas S. ;

Conway, John E. ;

Cordes, James M. ;

Crawford, Thomas M. ;

Crew, Geoffrey B. ;

Cruz-Osorio, Alejandro ;

Cui, Yuzhu ;

Davelaar, Jordy ;

De Laurentis, Mariafelicia ;

Deane, Roger .

ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LETTERS, 2022, 930 (02)

← 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 →

共 63 条

[1] Mass distribution in the Galactic Center based on interferometric astrometry of multiple stellar orbits [J].

Abuter, R. ;

Aimar, N. ;

Amorim, A. ;

Ball, J. ;

Bauboeck, M. ;

Berger, J. P. ;

Bonnet, H. ;

Bourdarot, G. ;

Brandner, W. ;

Cardoso, V ;

Clenet, Y. ;

Dallilar, Y. ;

Davies, R. ;

de Zeeuw, P. T. ;

Dexter, J. ;

Drescher, A. ;

Eisenhauer, F. ;

Schreiber, N. M. Foerster ;

Foschi, A. ;

Garcia, P. ;

Gao, F. ;

Gendron, E. ;

Genzel, R. ;

Gillessen, S. ;

Habibi, M. ;

Haubois, X. ;

Heissel, G. ;

Henning, T. ;

Hippler, S. ;

Horrobin, M. ;

Jochum, L. ;

Jocou, L. ;

Kaufer, A. ;

Kervella, P. ;

Lacour, S. ;

Lapeyrere, V ;

Le Bouquin, J-B ;

Lena, P. ;

Lutz, D. ;

Ott, T. ;

Paumard, T. ;

Perraut, K. ;

Perrin, G. ;

Pfuhl, O. ;

Rabien, S. ;

Shangguan, J. ;

Shimizu, T. ;

Scheithauer, S. ;

Stadler, J. ;

Stephens, A. W. .

ASTRONOMY & ASTROPHYSICS, 2022, 657

[2]

Afrin M, 2022, Arxiv, DOI arXiv:2209.12584

[3] Testing Horndeski Gravity from EHT Observational Results for Rotating Black Holes [J].

Afrin, Misba ;

Ghosh, Sushant G. .

ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL, 2022, 932 (01)

[4] Estimating the Cosmological Constant from Shadows of Kerr-de Sitter Black Holes [J].

Afrin, Misba ;

Ghosh, Sushant G. .

UNIVERSE, 2022, 8 (01)

[5] Parameter estimation of hairy Kerr black holes from its shadow and constraints from M87 [J].

Afrin, Misba ;

Kumar, Rahul ;

Ghosh, Sushant G. .

MONTHLY NOTICES OF THE ROYAL ASTRONOMICAL SOCIETY, 2021, 504 (04) :5927-5940

[6] First Sagittarius A* Event Horizon Telescope Results. I. The Shadow of the Supermassive Black Hole in the Center of the Milky Way [J].

Akiyama, Kazunori ;

Alberdi, Antxon ;

Alef, Walter ;

Algaba, Juan Carlos ;

Anantua, Richard ;

Asada, Keiichi ;

Azulay, Rebecca ;

Bach, Uwe ;

Baczko, Anne-Kathrin ;

Ball, David ;

Balokovic, Mislav ;

Barrett, John ;

Baubock, Michi ;

Benson, Bradford A. ;

Bintley, Dan ;

Blackburn, Lindy ;

Blundell, Raymond ;

Bouman, Katherine L. ;

Bower, Geoffrey C. ;

Boyce, Hope ;

Bremer, Michael ;

Brinkerink, Christiaan D. ;

Brissenden, Roger ;

Britzen, Silke ;

Broderick, Avery E. ;

Broguiere, Dominique ;

Bronzwaer, Thomas ;

Bustamante, Sandra ;

Byun, Do-Young ;

Carlstrom, John E. ;

Ceccobello, Chiara ;

Chael, Andrew ;

Chan, Chi-kwan ;

Chatterjee, Koushik ;

Chatterjee, Shami ;

Chen, Ming-Tang ;

Chen, Yongjun ;

Cheng, Xiaopeng ;

Cho, Ilje ;

Christian, Pierre ;

Conroy, Nicholas S. ;

Conway, John E. ;

Cordes, James M. ;

Crawford, Thomas M. ;

Crew, Geoffrey B. ;

Cruz-Osorio, Alejandro ;

Cui, Yuzhu ;

Davelaar, Jordy ;

De Laurentis, Mariafelicia ;

Deane, Roger .

ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LETTERS, 2022, 930 (02)

[7] First Sagittarius A* Event Horizon Telescope Results. IV. Variability, Morphology, and Black Hole Mass [J].

Akiyama, Kazunori ;

Alberdi, Antxon ;

Alef, Walter ;

Algaba, Juan Carlos ;

Anantua, Richard ;

Asada, Keiichi ;

Azulay, Rebecca ;

Bach, Uwe ;

Baczko, Anne-Kathrin ;

Ball, David ;

Balokovic, Mislav ;

Barrett, John ;

Baubock, Michi ;

Benson, Bradford A. ;

Bintley, Dan ;

Blackburn, Lindy ;

Blundell, Raymond ;

Bouman, Katherine L. ;

Bower, Geoffrey C. ;

Boyce, Hope ;

Bremer, Michael ;

Brinkerink, Christiaan D. ;

Brissenden, Roger ;

Britzen, Silke ;

Broderick, Avery E. ;

Broguiere, Dominique ;

Bronzwaer, Thomas ;

Bustamante, Sandra ;

Byun, Do-Young ;

Carlstrom, John E. ;

Ceccobello, Chiara ;

Chael, Andrew ;

Chan, Chi-kwan ;

Chatterjee, Koushik ;

Chatterjee, Shami ;

Chen, Ming-Tang ;

Chen, Yongjun ;

Cheng, Xiaopeng ;

Cho, Ilje ;

Christian, Pierre ;

Conroy, Nicholas S. ;

Conway, John E. ;

Cordes, James M. ;

Crawford, Thomas M. ;

Crew, Geoffrey B. ;

Cruz-Osorio, Alejandro ;

Cui, Yuzhu ;

Davelaar, Jordy ;

De Laurentis, Mariafelicia ;

Deane, Roger .

ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LETTERS, 2022, 930 (02)

[8] First Sagittarius A* Event Horizon Telescope Results. V. Testing Astrophysical Models of the Galactic Center Black Hole [J].

Akiyama, Kazunori ;

Alberdi, Antxon ;

Alef, Walter ;

Algaba, Juan Carlos ;

Anantua, Richard ;

Asada, Keiichi ;

Azulay, Rebecca ;

Bach, Uwe ;

Baczko, Anne-Kathrin ;

Ball, David ;

Balokovic, Mislav ;

Barrett, John ;

Baubock, Michi ;

Benson, Bradford A. ;

Bintley, Dan ;

Blackburn, Lindy ;

Blundell, Raymond ;

Bouman, Katherine L. ;

Bower, Geoffrey C. ;

Boyce, Hope ;

Bremer, Michael ;

Brinkerink, Christiaan D. ;

Brissenden, Roger ;

Britzen, Silke ;

Broderick, Avery E. ;

Broguiere, Dominique ;

Bronzwaer, Thomas ;

Bustamante, Sandra ;

Byun, Do-Young ;

Carlstrom, John E. ;

Ceccobello, Chiara ;

Chael, Andrew ;

Chan, Chi-kwan ;

Chatterjee, Koushik ;

Chatterjee, Shami ;

Chen, Ming-Tang ;

Chen, Yongjun ;

Cheng, Xiaopeng ;

Cho, Ilje ;

Christian, Pierre ;

Conroy, Nicholas S. ;

Conway, John E. ;

Cordes, James M. ;

Crawford, Thomas M. ;

Crew, Geoffrey B. ;

Cruz-Osorio, Alejandro ;

Cui, Yuzhu ;

Davelaar, Jordy ;

De Laurentis, Mariafelicia ;

Deane, Roger .

ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LETTERS, 2022, 930 (02)

[9] First Sagittarius A* Event Horizon Telescope Results. II. EHT and Multiwavelength Observations, Data Processing, and Calibration [J].

Akiyama, Kazunori ;

Alberdi, Antxon ;

Alef, Walter ;

Algaba, Juan Carlos ;

Anantua, Richard ;

Asada, Keiichi ;

Azulay, Rebecca ;

Bach, Uwe ;

Baczko, Anne-Kathrin ;

Ball, David ;

Balokovic, Mislav ;

Barrett, John ;

Baubock, Michi ;

Benson, Bradford A. ;

Bintley, Dan ;

Blackburn, Lindy ;

Blundell, Raymond ;

Bouman, Katherine L. ;

Bower, Geoffrey C. ;

Boyce, Hope ;

Bremer, Michael ;

Brinkerink, Christiaan D. ;

Brissenden, Roger ;

Britzen, Silke ;

Broderick, Avery E. ;

Broguiere, Dominique ;

Bronzwaer, Thomas ;

Bustamante, Sandra ;

Byun, Do-Young ;

Carlstrom, John E. ;

Ceccobello, Chiara ;

Chael, Andrew ;

Chan, Chi-kwan ;

Chatterjee, Koushik ;

Chatterjee, Shami ;

Chen, Ming-Tang ;

Chen, Yongjun ;

Cheng, Xiaopeng ;

Cho, Ilje ;

Christian, Pierre ;

Conroy, Nicholas S. ;

Conway, John E. ;

Cordes, James M. ;

Crawford, Thomas M. ;

Crew, Geoffrey B. ;

Cruz-Osorio, Alejandro ;

Cui, Yuzhu ;

Davelaar, Jordy ;

De Laurentis, Mariafelicia ;

Deane, Roger .

ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LETTERS, 2022, 930 (02)

[10] First Sagittarius A* Event Horizon Telescope Results. VI. Testing the Black Hole Metric [J].

Akiyama, Kazunori ;

Alberdi, Antxon ;

Alef, Walter ;

Algaba, Juan Carlos ;

Anantua, Richard ;

Asada, Keiichi ;

Azulay, Rebecca ;

Bach, Uwe ;

Baczko, Anne-Kathrin ;

Ball, David ;

Balokovic, Mislav ;

Barrett, John ;

Baubock, Michi ;

Benson, Bradford A. ;

Bintley, Dan ;

Blackburn, Lindy ;

Blundell, Raymond ;

Bouman, Katherine L. ;

Bower, Geoffrey C. ;

Boyce, Hope ;

Bremer, Michael ;

Brinkerink, Christiaan D. ;

Brissenden, Roger ;

Britzen, Silke ;

Broderick, Avery E. ;

Broguiere, Dominique ;

Bronzwaer, Thomas ;

Bustamante, Sandra ;

Byun, Do-Young ;

Carlstrom, John E. ;

Ceccobello, Chiara ;

Chael, Andrew ;

Chan, Chi-kwan ;

Chatterjee, Koushik ;

Chatterjee, Shami ;

Chen, Ming-Tang ;

Chen, Yongjun ;

Cheng, Xiaopeng ;

Cho, Ilje ;

Christian, Pierre ;

Conroy, Nicholas S. ;

Conway, John E. ;

Cordes, James M. ;

Crawford, Thomas M. ;

Crew, Geoffrey B. ;

Cruz-Osorio, Alejandro ;

Cui, Yuzhu ;

Davelaar, Jordy ;

De Laurentis, Mariafelicia ;

Deane, Roger .

ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LETTERS, 2022, 930 (02)

← 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 →