ToevaluatehormesisinducedbyYttrium(Y)nitrate in male rats, Y was offered to F0 mother rats and F1 offspring at concentrations of 0, 20, 80, and320 ppm daily from gestational day (GD) 0 through postnatalday70(PND70).TheF1offspringwere evaluatedwithrespecttomotorfunction,learning and memory, and histopathology. Administration of