The pathology of recurrent dislocation of the shoulder is briefly review-ed, and the essential aim of treatment to restore the normal mechanism ofthe joint capsule is stressed. The purpose of bone block operation isexplained. A method to facilitate the passage of the suturing needle throughthe glenoid for fixing the capsule flap is described. Emphasis is put onavoiding undue tension at the time of approximation of the subscapularismuscle and the capsular flaps to prevent persistent limitation of abductionand external rotation.In order to ascertain the presence of any bone defect either of the glenoidor the humeral head, the axillary view of the shoulder in roentgenographicexamination is recommended.